Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition

Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition
* Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition 07/16/96 Chapter 7-8: Networks: Communicating and Sharing Resources Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Networks: Communicating and Sharing Resources
* 07/16/96 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Objectives Understand basic networking concepts.
* Objectives 07/16/96 Understand basic networking concepts. Distinguish between a WAN, LAN, MAN, CAN, HAN, and PAN. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of networks. Distinguish between peer-to-peer, client/server, and virtual private local area networks (LANs). Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Objectives 07/16/96 Define topology and understand how the three LAN topologies differ. Explain the importance of network protocols. Name the most widely used LAN protocol and their versions. Identify the special components of a wide area network (WAN) that differentiate it from a LAN. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Objectives 07/16/96 Contrast circuit-switching and packet-switching networks and explain their respective strengths and weaknesses. Identify the options, components, configuration, and maintenance of a home area network (HAN). Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Objectives 07/16/96 Differentiate between bandwidth and throughput, and discuss the bandwidth needs of typical users. Discuss how modems transform digital computer signals into analog signals and analog into digital. List various physical and wireless transmission media and explain several transmission methods. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Objectives 07/16/96 Explain the limitations of the public switched telephone network (PSTN) for sending and receiving computer data. Describe digital telephony and multiplexing, including their impact on line usage. Discuss last-mile technologies that connect users with their communication providers. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Objectives 07/16/96 Provide examples of how digitization and convergence are blurring the boundaries that distinguish popular communications devices, including phones and computers. Discuss various wired and wireless applications. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals Networks
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 Networks Links multiple computer systems and enables them to share data and resources Types of computer networks: Local area network (LAN) Wide area network (WAN) Metropolitan area network (MAN) Campus area network (CAN) Personal area network (PAN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals T
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 T Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals LAN WAN MAN
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 LAN Uses cables, radio waves, or infrared signals Links computers in a limited geographic area WAN Uses long-distance transmission media Links computer systems a few miles or thousands of miles Internet is the largest WAN MAN Designed for a city Larger than a LAN, smaller than a WAN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals CAN PAN
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 CAN Several LANs located in various locations on a college or business campus Smaller than a WAN Use devices such as switches, hubs, and routers PAN Network of an individual’s own personal devices Usually within a range of 32 feet Usually use wireless technology Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals Communication devices
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 Communication devices Convert data into signals to travel over a medium Computers Modems Routers Switches Hubs Wireless access points Network interface cards (NICs) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals Node Logical address Physical address
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 Node Any device connected to a network Logical address Unique name assigned to each node on the network Physical address Unique numeric that identifies each node on the network built into the hardware Network interface card (NIC) Expansion board or adapter that provides a connection between the computer and the network Notebook computers have wireless NICs Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals USB wireless network adapter USB dongle
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 USB wireless network adapter Plugs into a USB port Usually provides an intuitive graphical user interface (GUI) for easy configuration USB dongle Device inserted into a USB port that adds additional features to the base system Examples: enabling network connectivity and increasing RAM Wireless PC card adapter About the size of a credit card Inserted into a slot on the side of most notebooks and netbooks Has built-in WiFi antenna that provides wireless capability LED lights that indicate whether the computer is connected Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals Hub Switches Routers
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 Hub Joins multiple computers together in a single network Does not manage traffic between the connections Switches Filter and forward data between nodes Are similar to routers but work within Routers Connect two or more networks Inspect the source and target of a data package Determine the best route to transmit data Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals Wireless access point (WAP)
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 Wireless access point (WAP) Receives and transmits radio signals Joins wireless nodes to a wired network Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals Server File server
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 Server Computer or device with software that manages network resources, such as files, s, printers, databases File server Most common type of server High-speed computer that provides program and data files to network users Contains the network operating system (NOS) File directories for file and resource location on the LAN Automated distribution of software updates to desktop computers on the WAN Internet services support Protection of services and data Access to connected hardware by authorized users Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Network Fundamentals Network administrator
* Network Fundamentals 07/16/96 Network administrator Also called network engineer Installs, maintains, supports computer networks Interact with users Handle security Troubleshoot problems Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Advantages and Disadvantages of Networking
* Advantages and Disadvantages of Networking 07/16/96 Networking Advantages Reduced hardware costs Application sharing Sharing information resources Data management centralization Connecting people Disadvantages Loss of autonomy Lack of privacy Security threats Loss of productivity Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Local Area Networks Wireless LAN
* Local Area Networks 07/16/96 Wireless LAN Connects users through radio waves instead of wires Use includes networks in: Homes Hospitals Colleges Secured with a radio transmission technique that spreads signals over a seemingly random series of frequencies. Effective inside range of between 125 and 300 feet Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Local Area Networks Intranet Virtual private network
* Local Area Networks 07/16/96 Intranet Password-protected network controlled by the company Accessed only by employees Virtual private network Operates over the Internet Accessible by authorized users for quick access to corporate information Uses secure, encrypted connections and special software Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Local Area Networks LAN topologies Network topology
* Local Area Networks 07/16/96 LAN topologies Network topology Physical design of a LAN Topology resolves contention—conflict that occurs when two or more computers on the network attempt to transmit at the same time Contention sometimes results in collisions—corruption of network data caused when two computers transmit at the same time Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Local Area Networks LAN topologies Bus topology
* Local Area Networks 07/16/96 LAN topologies Bus topology Practical for home or small office One node transmits at a time Terminators signify the end of the circuit Uses contention management—technique that specifies what happens when a collision occurs Star topology For office buildings, computer labs, and WANs Easy to add users Ring topology For a division of a company or one floor Not in common use today Node can transmit only when it has the token—special unit of data that travels around the ring Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Local Area Networks LAN technologies Ethernet—most-used LAN protocol
* Local Area Networks 07/16/96 LAN technologies Ethernet—most-used LAN protocol Ethernet star networks Most popular versions—use twisted-pair wiring and switches Sends data in a fixed-size unit called a packet WiFi Uses radio waves to provide a wireless LAN standard at Ethernet speeds Needs a central access point—could be a wireless router Hot spots—public wireless access locations Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Wide Area Networks Point of presence (POP) Backbones
* 07/16/96 Point of presence (POP) WAN connection point used to obtain access to the WAN Wired or wireless It is a physical location that houses servers, routers, ATM switches and digital/analog call aggregators Backbones High-capacity WAN transmission lines gigaPoP (gigabits per second point of presence)—transfers data exceeding 1 Gbps (1 billion bits per second) Backbone of the Internet Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Wide Area Networks WAN protocols Internet protocols
* Wide Area Networks 07/16/96 WAN protocols Internet protocols Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Protocols that define how the Internet works Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Defines how Internet-connected computers can exchange, control, and confirm messages Internet Protocol (IP) Provides a distinct identification to any computer connected to the Internet: the IP address or Internet address Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Wide Area Networks WAN protocols (con’t.) Circuit switching
* Wide Area Networks 07/16/96 WAN protocols (con’t.) Circuit switching Used by the public switched telephone network to send data over a physical end-to-end circuit Provides a direct connection between devices Packet switching Used for computer communication Divides and sends outgoing messages as packets, which are reassembled on receipt More efficient and less expensive than circuit switching Latency—delay introduced when a given packet is examined by many routers Congestion—occurs when the network is overloaded, causing some packets to be further delayed Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Wide Area Networks WAN applications
* Wide Area Networks 07/16/96 WAN applications , conferencing, document exchange, remote database access LAN to LAN connections connect two or more geographically separate locations Transaction acquisition—the instant relay of transaction information from a point-of-purchase sale. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Home Networks Home Area Networks (HANs) Wired home networks
* Home Networks 07/16/96 Home Area Networks (HANs) Wired home networks Wireless home networks Hybrid networks Combination of wired and wireless technology Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Home Networks A Wired Home Network
* Home Networks 07/16/96 A Wired Home Network Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Home Networks A Wireless Home Network
* Home Networks 07/16/96 A Wireless Home Network Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Home Networks Setting up a home network Planning Select technology
* Home Networks 07/16/96 Setting up a home network Planning Select technology Purchase equipment and firewall software Configuring a wired network Connect each computer to the router Plug printer, scanner, etc., into a computer Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Home Networks Setting up a home network (con’t.)
* Home Networks 07/16/96 Setting up a home network (con’t.) Configuring a wireless network Connect each node to wireless router with a wireless adapter Connect DSL or cable modem to wireless router Maintenance and support Minimal maintenance required Unplug power source from router and other peripherals and restart computer to correct problems Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Home Networks Future of home networking
* Home Networks 07/16/96 Future of home networking Convergence will allow you to use home networks to Control household appliances Protect homes with security systems Manage home network events through central control units in new homes Utilize wireless systems Control entertainment, temperature regulation, and lighting Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Wired and Wireless Communication
* Wired and Wireless Communication 07/16/96 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Moving Data: Bandwidth and Modems
* Moving Data: Bandwidth and Modems 07/16/96 Communications Process of sending and receiving messages electronically between two points Sending device—initiates the transmission Receiving device—accepts the transmission and responds Communications channel Path to send and receive messages Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Moving Data: Bandwidth and Modems 07/16/96 Analog signals Continuous waves Digital signals Discontinuous, discrete pulses Converters Translate signals: Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) Digital-to-analog converter (DAC) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Moving Data: Bandwidth and Modems 07/16/96 Bandwidth The maximum amount of data transmitted through a communication channel at one time Throughput The actual amount of data transmitted Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Moving Data: Bandwidth and Modems 07/16/96 Broadband Any transmission medium that carries several channels transporting data at high speeds Streaming The ability to hear or see content while it is being downloaded from a Web site Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Moving Data: Bandwidth and Modems 07/16/96 Modem A communication device used to send and receive data The term modem comes from modulate and demodulate. The sender uses modulation to transmit digital signals. The receiver uses demodulation to return signals to digital form. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Moving Data: Bandwidth and Modems 07/16/96 Types of modems Analog Digital subscriber line (DSL) Cable Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Data transfer rate Rate at which two modems exchange data Measured in bits per second (bps) Baud Number of signaling elements per second Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Wired Transmission Media
* Wired Transmission Media 07/16/96 Wiring closet Houses wiring that supports most types of data transfer needed Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wired Transmission Media 07/16/96 Twisted-pair wire Copper wire used for telephone and data communication Two pairs of interweaved wires twisted together Inexpensive, but bandwidth too low for video, voice, and data at the same time Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wired Transmission Media 07/16/96 Key variations of twisted-wire pair Category 5 (Cat-5) Category 5 enhanced (Cat-5e) Category 6 (Cat-6) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wired Transmission Media 07/16/96 Coaxial cable Consists of copper wire surrounded by insulation and braided wire Broadband communication Cable TV 10 Mbps transfer rate Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wired Transmission Media 07/16/96 Fiber-optic cable Consists of thin strands of glass or plastic that carry data through pulses of light Broadband communication 10 Gbps transfer rate Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Wireless Transmission Media
* Wireless Transmission Media 07/16/96 Infrared Wireless transmission medium that carries data through the air using light beams Sending and receiving devices must be in line of sight Uses an IrDA port to enable data transfer Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wireless Transmission Media 07/16/96 Radio transmission Enables music, photos, and voice to travel through the air as radio frequency or radio waves Bluetooth—radio transmission enables devices within 30 feet to communicate wirelessly Does not require direct line of sight Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wireless Transmission Media 07/16/96 Satellites Microwave relay stations in space that transmit data through microwave signals Direct broadcast satellite (DBS)—consumer satellite technology that receives digital TV signals through a reception dish Requires the computer system to have a special communications device called a network access point—sends and receives data between computer that contain wireless adapters Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Convergence: Is It a Phone or a Computer?
* Convergence: Is It a Phone or a Computer? 07/16/96 Digitization Process of transforming data into a digital form Convergence Blending Multiple industries Examples: Computers, consumer electronics, telecommunications Products Examples: Personal computers, telephones Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Convergence: Is It A Phone or A Computer?
* Convergence: Is It A Phone or A Computer? 07/16/96 Cellular telephones Digital transmission of voice, text, images, and video Classified by generations—4G (fourth generation)—the current generation Cell sites—network of transmitters broadcasts signals throughout geographic areas called cells Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Convergence: Is It A Phone or A Computer? 07/16/96 Each cellular network includes multiple mobile switching centers (MSCs) that control communication within a set of cells. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Convergence: Is It A Phone or A Computer? 07/16/96 Personal communication service (PCS) Group of digital cellular technologies replacing most analog cellular services 2G (second generation)—used to make smartphones, with features of phones and computing devices 3G—more data and voice customers and higher data transfer rates 4G—improved connectivity, data transfer rates, and support for the next generation of multimedia Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Convergence: Is It A Phone or A Computer? 07/16/96 Web-enabled devices Display and respond to markup languages Examples: HTML, XML—used to build Web pages Examples PDAs Smartphones—replacing PDAs Notebooks Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Convergence: Is It A Phone or A Computer? 07/16/96 WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) Standard—specifies how users can access the Web securely using: Pagers Smartphones PDAs Other wireless devices Requires a microbrowser Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Wired and Wireless Applications
* Wired and Wireless Applications 07/16/96 Internet telephony, or VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) Offers computer-to-phone and phone-to-phone transmission through the Internet Placing calls requires: Computer with a microphone, speakers or headphones Internet connection Telephony-enabled program Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wired and Wireless Applications 07/16/96 Internet telephony Videoconferencing (Web conferencing)—transmits sound and video images using: Video camera (Webcams) Skype software Whiteboards—enable participants to create a shared workspace Webcams—inexpensive, low-resolution analog or digital video cameras Internet TV—ability to view television shows, videos, and movies over the Internet Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wired and Wireless Applications 07/16/96 Facsimile transmission (fax) Transmits documents over a telephone line or the Internet using either: Standalone fax machine Computer with a fax modem and a scanner Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wired and Wireless Applications 07/16/96 Satellite technology Satellite radio Not affected by location, distance, or obstructions Uses satellites orbiting the Earth Permits usage in areas with restricted local radio stations or poor AM/FM reception Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wired and Wireless Applications 07/16/96 Satellite technology (con’t.) GPS (Global Positioning System) System of 27 satellites allowing a receiver to pinpoint locations Mobile units for cars Installed car systems Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wired and Wireless Applications 07/16/96 Text messaging (SMS) Using cell phone for applications previously used on computers Instant messaging Brief Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Wired and Wireless Applications 07/16/96 Picture messaging MMS (multimedia messaging system) Transmits color pictures and backgrounds Cellular telephone acts as a camera Location awareness Also known as position awareness Uses GPS-enabled chips to pinpoint the location of a cell phone Popular with parents of teenagers Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Summary Understand basic networking concepts.
* Summary 07/16/96 Understand basic networking concepts. Distinguish between a WAN, LAN, MAN, CAN, HAN, and PAN. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of networks. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Summary 07/16/96 Define topology and understand how the three LAN topologies differ. Explain the importance of network protocols. Identify the special components of a wide area network (WAN) that differentiate it from a LAN. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Summary 07/16/96 Differentiate between bandwidth and throughput, and discuss the bandwidth needs of typical users. Discuss how modems transform digital computer signals into analog signals and analog into digital. List various physical and wireless transmission media and explain several transmission methods. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Summary 07/16/96 Explain the limitations of the public switched telephone network (PSTN) for sending and receiving computer data. Describe digital telephony and multiplexing, including their impact on line usage. Discuss last-mile technologies that connect users with their communication providers. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Summary 07/16/96 Provide examples of how digitization and convergence are blurring the boundaries that distinguish popular communications devices, including phones and computers. Discuss various wired and wireless applications. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition"— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback

Log in

Auth with social network:

Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition"— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback