1. Leveraging Publisher’s Search Engines to Deliver Relevant Results to Users Presented by Abe Lederman, President and CTO Deep Web Technologies, LLC 28 th Annual Scholarly Publishing Meeting – Virginia – June 9, 2006

2. Abe’s Background Earned B.S. and M.S. Computer Science degrees, MIT 18 years experience developing sophisticated information retrieval applications Cofounded Verity, 1988 Consulted to LANL, 1994-2000 Deployed first “federated search” portal in the Federal government, 1999 Founded Deep Web Technologies (DWT), 2002 DWT is a New Mexico based company focused on providing state-of-the-art software solutions which search, retrieve, aggregate, and analyze content from web-based databases.

3. The Problem: Searching a large number of sources can lead to a flood of results

4. Relevance ranking begins as soon as the user clicks the Search button

5. Ranking Recipe Source Selection Query Language Search Conductor Ranking Algorithms INGREDIENTS MIX WELL AND SERVE UP RELEVANT RESULTS

6. Source Selection Optimizer Search Conductor Source Selection Optimizer Source Descriptions Previous Results

7. Powerful Query Language Takes advantage of search capabilities of each source Supports full Boolean operators where possible Supports fielded search Translates natural language questions into query syntax

8. Select sources to search Can I get more results from “good” sources? Enough good results? YES Deliver results to user YES NO Perform Search Get Next Results Search Conductor

9. Challenges in Organizing and Ranking Results Multi-tier Relevance Ranking User-driven Ranking Clustering of Results

10. Multi-tier Relevance Ranking QuickRank – Ranks results based on occurrence of search terms in title, author, and snippet MetaRank – Ranks results utilizing custom algorithms applied to meta- data DeepRank – Downloads and indexes full-text documents HEAVY LIFTING REQUIRED!

11. User-driven Ranking Credibility of source Date range Document length Document type Geographic proximity Popularity of document Reading level Relevance Desired: Blending (weighing) of above criteria

12. Clustering

13. Attributes of Successful Federated Search Powerful query language that takes advantage of publisher search capabilities Source selection optimizer will reduce unnecessary searches Search conductor gets more results from sources bringing back good results A tool that highlights best search results Caching of search results

14. Advice for Publishers Use good search engines with good relevance ranking Return 100 or more results at a time Return meta-data (author, journal, snippet) as part of result list Provide access to your content through XML Gateway or Web Services Speed up search time

21. Abe Lederman 301 N Guadalupe, Ste 201 Santa Fe, NM 87501 abe@deepwebtech.com www.deepwebtech.com Thank You!