1. Osseous Tissue Engineering
Jason Mercier
Biomedical Engineering
September 30, 2015

2. Introduction Bone Tissue Reconstruction -Grafting -Scaffolding
Materials
Biomaterials
Polymers
Bone tissue cells
Nanoparticles
What is a biomaterial ? Define it as exogenous or even synthetic.

3. Early History
Vittorio Putti is considered as one of the founders of orthopedic science and bone grafting with his earliest papers dating back to 1912
Donati et al. (2007) Acta Orthopaedica 78(1):

4. Biomaterials -Biocompatible materials -Biodegradable
-Non-toxic to the body
Amini A et al Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 40 (5):

5. Cellular Reconstruction
Bone grafting is a very effective repair mechanism but there are high rates of the cells rejecting the graft
Scaffolding combined with osteogenically active cells are very effective materials because it provides a great framework for the bone and promotes normal cellular growth
Hutmacher et al. (2000) Biomaterials. 21:

6. Nanoparticles -No major surgery required in most cases -Programmable
-Can be used as the scaffolding or in drug delivery to affected site
-Cost effective
Walmsley G. et al (2015) Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine 11(5):

7. Degradable and Non-degradable
Walmsley G. et al (2015) Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine 11(5):

8. -Dramatic changes in the past couple years
-The research into new materials such as nanoparticles has increased significantly
Amini A et al Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 40 (5): .

9. References
Donti D, Zolezzi C, Tomba P, Vigano A. Bone Grafting: Historical and Conceptual Review, Starting with an Old Manuscript by Vittorio Putti. Acta Orthapaedica 2007; 78(1):
Amini AR, Laurencin CT, Nukavarapu SP. Bone Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances and Challenges. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 2012; 40 (5):
Hutmacher DW. Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering Bone and Cartilage. Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Engineering Science Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National University of Singapore 2000; 21 (24):
Walmsley GG, McArdle A, Tevlin R, Momeni A, Atashroo D, Hu MS, Feroze AH, Wong VW, Lorenz PH, Longaker MT, Wan DC. Nanotechnology in Bone Tissue Engineering. Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine. 2015, 11(5):
What is a biomaterial ? Define it as exogenous or even synthetic.