1. ECN4 Introduction Lyle Pickett (Sandia), Gilles Bruneaux (IFPEN), Raúl Payri (CMT) 5-6 Sept 2015 Kyoto University

2. ECN 4 2/8 Sept 2015 We sincerely thank our sponsors and organizers Local organization –Tetsuya Aizawa (Meiji Univ.) and Hiroshi Kawanabe (Kyoto Univ.) and staff Technical session organization You (and your sponsor)! Your participation and expert analysis, most of it during many weeks of volunteer time before this meeting, will make the workshop worthwhile Diesel nozzle geometry and internal nozzle flow, Marco Arienti (Sandia) Primary atomization (near-nozzle flow), Sibendu Som (Argonne) Evaporative diesel spray, Caroline Genzale (Georgia Tech) Reactions that lead to ignition, Evatt Hawkes (UNSW) Combustion (lift-off length, flame structure), Jose M Garcia-Oliver (CMT) Emissions (soot, NOx, UHC), Scott Skeen (Sandia) Spray B (diesel) in engines, Louis-Marie Malbec (IFPEN) Spray G nozzle geometry and internal nozzle flow, Chris Powell (Argonne) Evaporative Spray G (external, plume interaction, flash boiling), Daniel Vaquerizo (CMT) Spray G (gasoline) in engines, Wei Zeng (Sandia) & Brian Peterson (Edinburgh)

3. ECN 4 3/8 Sept 2015 Diesel and gasoline research at target conditions with many modeling and experimental contributions Leveraging target conditions greatly accelerates research Needle motion Argonne Nozzle geometry Liquid vol. fraction Fuel concentration Sandia Velocity & Turbulence Soot Liquid –phase penetration, size, structure Sandia Combustion structure Temperature Minor species Lift-off length Ignition Rate of injection & momentum Cool flame Radiation Vapor penetration Diesel Spray A 90  C 900 K 60 bar Liq. & vap. penetration Mie/Schlieren/DBI Spray structure HS microscopy Vapor mixture fraction 8-hole, stepped 80  total angle in Engine Liquid mixture fraction Gasoline Spray G 573 K, 6 bar 90  C

4. ECN 4 4/8 Sept 2015 ECN website visits since 2010 by country (www.sandia.gov/ECN)www.sandia.gov/ECN Argonne A truly international research effort United States Germany Italy India China Japan France United Kingdom Spain Australia Top 10 Aachen IFPEn Infineum CMT KAIST MTU CAT Sandia Contributed experimental data at ECN target conditions GM Ga Tech Chalmers Will contribute soon Meiji Ist. Motori SNU UNSW Melbourne SJTU Eindhoven Delphi Sandia and IFPEN initiate ECN in 2009 Bosch Online archive prepared specifically for model development UM Duisburg-Essen Oxford Darmstadt ECN France PRISME CORIA CNRS PPRIME Brighton

5. ECN 4 5/8 Sept 2015 The need to archive-website update coming soon ecn.sandia.gov

6. ECN 4 6/8 Sept 2015 What is the spirit of ECN? A forum for open discussion and synthesis of modeling and experimental results, not usually found at conferences. –Synthesis creates expert reviews on topics. –We want to know what does NOT work, what is broken. –Airing our dirty laundry….so that it can be cleaned! –Policy is to not duplicate conference (JSAE) presentations. –Not highlighting individual laboratories or groups, but rather, common research problems. ECN

7. ECN 4 7/8 Sept 2015 As ECN participants, we have come to know the word “guidelines”: –Guidelines for each topic prepared one year ago to identify the major objectives and target conditions for ECN4 –Data submitted 3 months ago –Though hard to believe, sometimes the deadlines and guidelines slip a little… As with all things, Disney has the solution… Our inspiration comes from the “Pirates of the Caribbean” –Apparently, the pirates don’t always follow their own “code” exactly, but in the end, things work out. “Guidelines” of the ECN

8. ECN 4 8/8 Sept 2015 To have fun together! To share openly in a friendly exchange A dress “code” –Please dress casually and plan to join together for the final session. Even though imperfect, your work is making a difference, and it is appreciated! Stay in the ship….we’ll soon find the treasure! The “Code” of the ECN

10. ECN 4 10/8 Sept 2015 ECN4 preparation involved a tremendous amount of work, hours of data analysis… Collection of the data for presentation on the same graph is a major accomplishment, but identifying reasons for the differences is the key to progress. Our message to session coordinators and co-organizers –Let’s use ECN4 to look back at the original objectives and perspectives –Provide a review and synthesis including past work before ECN4 –Draw conclusions comparing the achievements with the initial objectives –Identify the most significant weaknesses in current modeling and experiment, and provide recommendations about how these weaknesses can be addressed. Message to all