1. Expected Long Term Site Evolution of Alameda Creek and former Salt Ponds following Tidal Marsh Restoration Matt Wickland m.wickland@pwa-ltd.com Philip Williams & Associates

2. Presentation Summary Development of future channel and marsh plain conditions to better inform flood modeling of Alameda Creek and Old Alameda Creek using geomorphic design tools from similar tidal marsh restoration sites - Project overview - Development of long term site conditions - Hydrodynamic modeling application

3. Overview – Setting Downstream reach of the creek from Ardenwood Blvd to the Bay Major flood control facility designed by USACE Conveyance capacity reduced by sedimentation

4. Overview – Project Goals Work with Alameda County to develop conceptual alternatives for the Eden Landing area that: 1 - Maintain or increase flood protection on Alameda Creek Flood Control Channel and Old Alameda Creek 2 - Integrate with South Bay Salt Ponds restoration alternatives 3 - Examine long term conditions ( ~50 years ) Channel evolution Marsh plain sedimentation Sea Level Rise

5. Overview – SBSP Project Description Each SBSP programmatic alternative integrates: - habitat restoration - - flood management - - public access

6. Overview – SBSP Alternatives The SBSP programmatic alternatives are: Alternative A: No Project Alternative Alternative B: Mix of Tidal Habitat (50%) and Managed Pond (50%) Alternative C: Mix of Tidal Habitat (90%) and Managed Pond (10%) Alternatives B and C are the same for the E2 pond complex

7. Supplemental Alternatives Short Term (development) - Breaches (internal and external levees) will maximize channel scour & are based on the historic channel network Long Term (evolution) - Cross section and breach dimensions were estimated using hydraulic geometry relationships - Restored marsh areas were assumed to increase in elevation to MHHW (w/ sea level rise) & develop channels based on historic channel network

8. Supplemental Alternatives Short Term (development) - Breaches (internal and external levees) will maximize channel scour & are based on the historic channel network Long Term (evolution) - Cross section and breach dimensions were estimated using hydraulic geometry relationships - Restored marsh areas were assumed to increase in elevation to MHHW (w/ sea level rise) & develop channels based on historic channel network

9. Scour Long-term Scour enlarges channel Sedimentation reduces conveyance & storage Levees separate channels from adjacent salt ponds Channels fill in with sediment and salt ponds subside Levee lowering/ removal causes channel scour and marsh sedimentation Salt pond restoration can reduce fluvial flood hazards through increased conveyance Scour Salt pond Flood control channel Existing Condition Scour Water level decreases Immediately After Construction Floodplain storage and conveyance increase Tidal Scour and Fluvial Flooding

10. Tidal Scour 2004 Tidal prism = 26 million ft 3 1996 Tidal prism = 1 million ft 3 Sonoma Baylands Main Channel

11. Historic channels were used to locate breaches Levee Breach Locations

12. Supplemental Alternative 1 Levee Breach Locations

13. Supplemental Alternative 2 Levee Breach Locations

14. Supplemental Alternative 3 Levee Breach Locations

15. Supplemental Alternatives Short Term (development) - Breaches (internal and external levees) will maximize channel scour & are based on the historic channel network Long Term (evolution) - Cross section and breach dimensions were estimated using hydraulic geometry relationships - Restored marsh areas were assumed to increase in elevation to MHHW (w/ sea level rise) & develop channels based on historic channel network

16. Cross Section Development What is hydraulic geometry? A set of empirical geomorphic relationships that predict tidal channel cross section dimensions as a function of contributing marsh area or tidal prism - - Developed for SF Bay - Marshes from 2 to 5,700 ha - Design tool for restoration projects Williams, Orr, & Garrity (2002)

17. Breach sizes were based on anticipated drainage areas (estimated from historic network and interior levee layout) Cross Section Development

18. Cross section example depth width MHHW

19. Restored Marsh Areas - - Former salt ponds will eventually fill with sediment to the elevation ~MHHW (including sea level rise) - Sediment supply in South Bay is sufficient to fill former ponds Assumed sea level rise of 0.15 meters over 50 years PWA, 2006. South Bay Geomorphic Assessment. Prepared for California State Coastal Conservancy, US Fish & Wildlife Service, California Dept. of Fish and Game.

20. Restored Marsh Areas Long term bathymetry includes sedimentation, sea level rise, and estimated channel network (based on historic channels)

21. Hydrodynamic Modeling MIKE Flood: 1-D (MIKE 11) and 2-D (MIKE 21) models Connected through lateral and standard links Ardenwood Blvd 880

22. Modeling Description Model runs - Short term, post breach conditions - no scour, no sedimentation - Long term, ‘worst case’ conditions - no scour, with sedimentation & sea level rise - Long term, most likely conditions - with scour, sedimentation, & sea level rise - Long term, no action conditions - with levee failures - with scour, sedimentation, & sea level rise

23. Model Results Reduction in peak water levels at Ardenwood Blvd - Larger channel dimensions - Reduction in flow (routed through salt ponds) DRAFT Water surface and levee crest elevations

24. Conclusion - - Long term conditions should be considered in any design - Long term site geometry (channels and marshes) can be predicted from analogous tidal marsh restoration sites - Tidal marsh restoration can be beneficial to flood management and flood control

25. Questions? Thanks to: Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District