1. HWK
Exam practice: Explain why the impact of future climate change is likely to be more severe in developing countries than in the UK.

2. novinite.com
The Kyoto Protocol

3. The Kyoto Protocol
Created in Kyoto in 1997 It aimed to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to below 1990 levels by the year 2012.
The Protocol came in to effect and became a Treaty in February 2005 when countries accounting for 55% of greenhouse gas emissions in the world signed up to the Protocol.

4. Countries Ratifying the Kyoto Protocol
Participation in the Kyoto Protocol, as of June 2009,
Green = Countries that have signed and ratified the treaty Grey = Countries that have not yet decided Red = No intention to ratify at this stage.

5. Carbon Credits The Kyoto Protocol is based on a carbon trading scheme
As each country produces CO2, it must be able to contain/absorb that CO2 by planting trees or other processes that can absorb it
OR…
It can reduce the CO2 it produces in the first place

6. “Carbon Credits” scheme
If a country produces more CO2 than it can absorb, it has to buy “carbon credits” from another country that has earned carbon by cutting its own levels.
The money made by selling carbon is used to give grants to carbon saving schemes, e.g. promoting wind power, “fuel switching”

7. The Kyoto Protocol-An update
The first phase of Kyoto expired in It had some success but also some issues. Some countries' emissions increased since they signed the Kyoto Protocol.
Many other countries (such as most European countries, the UK and Scotland) have however succeeded in reducing their emissions.
Most agree that too little has been done to stop climate change and that Kyoto targets weren’t harsh enough. It is believed that emissions will need to be cut by at least 80% to prevent the climate from becoming dangerously unstable.

9. A new Kyoto Protocol? Copenhagen Summit / Copenhagen Accord
The Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) took place in Copenhagen in December This was the largest climate change gathering ever to take place with the aim to negotiate a successor to the Kyoto Protocol.
No new Kyoto Protocol was agreed at Copenhagen.

10. Why aren’t we tackling climate change?
3-2-1
Name three advantages of using trees to tackle global warming.
Name two types of renewable energy.
Name one reason against the use of nuclear power to tackle global warming.

11. Why are some countries against gas emission cuts?
More Economically Developed Country.
(M.E.D.C.)
Less Economically Developed Country.
(L.E.D.C.)

12. MEDC’s have become rich from exploiting their environment.
Governments are only elected for five years, therefore they can only think short-term. It would be political suicide to make harsh decisions now that would upset the electorate.
MEDC’s sold us the technology for our power stations and industry and now they want us to spend more money updating, this is not fair.
We want the same quality of life such as MEDC’s why should we sacrifice our economic development and keep our people in poverty.
The MEDC’s have caused this problem. It is their industry that has produced all the pollution.
Hypocrites! They tell us to conserve our forests, but what did they do to theirs? We need to develop this natural resource to improve our quality of life.
There is no solid evidence for global warming. The earth has naturally cooled and warmed throughout its history.
LEDC’s are the ones producing too much pollution with all their outdated technology, they should update!
How can we justify spending money on the environment, when huge sections of our population live in poverty?
We are deep in debt to MEDC countries; they should provide us with more money to tackle the problems of global warming.
Adapting industry, vehicles, homes will be expensive for all parties. This will not be popular.
Trans-national energy companies such as Esso have huge political power, they backed Bush to the Whitehouse and then he decided to pull out of the Kyoto protocol!
We are newly industrialising countries, why should we limit our industrial development.
MEDC’s have become rich from exploiting their environment.
Global warming knows no national boundaries. There is no point in the EU working towards reducing its carbon dioxide emissions agreed through the Kyoto protocol if the USA the biggest polluter continues to pollute. 
MEDC have a moral responsibility to help us combat and prepare for the impact of global warming, they have sustained their quality of life through exploiting our natural resources and people.
Rising fuel prices will be highly unpopular, and could result in civil unrest. Industry will be hit, as will the less able and affluent members of our society such as the elderly or the disabled.
With so many countries in the world, any type of agreement is difficult.
We are a rich country we will be able to protect ourselves from the impact of global warming.
We would have the money to tackle global warming and raise our quality of life if only MEDC’s would trade fairly with us.
We rely on Multinationals such as Esso and BP to extract our natural resources and provide jobs and income for a country.
Renewable energies are not cost effective or advanced yet to provide for all our energy needs.
There are much more important areas to spend money on now. The war on Terrorism is the biggest threat to global security.
What right do MEDC countries have to tell us how to run our industry and look after our environment? This just smells of good old colonialism.
Putting taxes on industries that produce Carbon dioxide would be unpopular. Companies could leave the country resulting in job loss. The price of goods may also increase for consumers.
Even when countries do come to agreement, they cheat! All countries have carbon dioxide quotas, but MEDC’s purchase carbon dioxide quotas off LEDC’s and continue to produce more!
Even if countries agree to tackle Global Warming, it does not mean that they are actually going to meet their targets.

13. Countries according to Greenhouse emissions.
What's the problem with theKyoto Protocal?
Why might LEDCs like India not want to sign up to agreements to reduce their CO2 emissions?
Why might MEDCs not want to sign agreements to limit their CO2 emissions?
Which country do you agree with more? Why?
Countries according to Greenhouse emissions.