Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Differentiated Instruction Strategies
R.A.F.T. Come aboard!!
2
A R.A.F.T.is… ….an engaging strategy that encourages writing across the curriculum. ….a way to encourage students to .. assume a ROLE consider their AUDIENCE, while examining a TOPIC from their chosen perspective, and writing in a particular FORMAT All of the above can serve as motivators by giving students choice, appealing to their interests and learning profiles, and adapting to students readiness levels.
3
R A F T The ROLE of writer, speaker,
artist, historian, reporter, eyewitness, etc. An AUDIENCE of fellow writers, students, citizens, characters, etc. Through a FORMAT that is written, spoken, drawn, acted, etc. A TOPIC related to curriculum content in greater depth.
4
RAFTs can… Be differentiated in a variety of ways: readiness level, learning profile, and/or student interest. Be created by students (you can incorporate a blank row for that option) Be used as introductory “hooks” into a unit of study. Have one consistent column while varying the other columns in the raft grid. The possibilities are endless. See your handout for specific examples. An internet search will also produce a plethora of examples.
5
Possible Formats to use with RAFTs that address a variety of learning styles.
Written Visual Oral Kinesthetic diary entry bulleted list obituary invitation product guide game rules recipe movie critic FreqAskQues editorial character monologue job application gossip column mag. article cartoon/comic crossword puzzle map scale plan or drawing graphic org. concept web illustration print ad photograph powerpoint ‘how to’ diagram fashion design song set of discussion ?s conversation monologue sermon radiocast museum guide commercial reader’s theater interview tasting political speech puppet show storytell model cheer mime reenactment wax museum demonstration sales pitch with demo elements physical analogies taste tests ‘how to’ video game sew, cook, build design a ....
6
How can I introduce this strategy to my students
To get students more actively involved in understanding a RAFT, you may present them with a sample RAFT.
7
Getting Your Ideas Across on a RAFT (From a Lesson titled: Don't Let Your Car Make a Fuel Out of You! Energy Education Curriculum Project) Role of a writer: You must decide who (or what) you will be. Will you be writing as an old car? Will you be a piece of pavement? a bicycle? How about a person or even a bird continually exposed to air pollution from cars? Audience: To whom are you writing? Are you writing to a specific person? to Congress? to a child? to a machine? to a car? to an auto manufacturer? Format: What form will your writing take? Will you write a letter or a speech? Will it be an obituary, a conversation, a memo, a journal, or a diary? Topic + strong verb: What is your topic? What strong verb will help you present your topic? For example, persuade a congressman to vote for more ethanol in gasoline, demand that more fuel efficient cars are built, plead for a car to be driven more efficiently.
8
Practically all RAFT assignments are written from a viewpoint other than that of a student. They are usually written to an audience other than the teacher. They take a form other than students would write as a standard essay. Seldom is the word "write" used as a RAFT verb. Stronger verbs are used like "plead", "convince", "clarify", all of which focus the assignment by setting the tone of the response.
9
Possible RAFT Roles and/or Audiences
Car Designer Tire Road Kill Lawyer Car (New, used, Junker) Parent Teen Car Dealer Mechanic Race Car Driver Gasoline Pump Steering Wheel Accelerator Pedal Police Officer
10
Possible Raft Topics complaint confession contest entry eulogy farewell journal diary legal brief memo news story obituary pamphlet photo essay recommendation sermon review resume lecture telephone dialogue travelogue TV script undercover report wanted poster warning last will & testament written debate yearbook poetry wedding vows birth announcement scolding
11
Sample RAFT Sketch #2: R = Gas Pump A = Teenager F = Lecture T = Fuel Efficiency - (Reprimand)
12
How our language defines who we are.
RAFT Planning Sheet Know: (facts, vocab) {think about the KNOW when planning the Role or Audience?} Understand: (statement) {think about the Understand when writing the topics} Do: (verb) {This might be the guide for the format?} Role Audience Format Topic Semicolon Middle Schoolers Diary Entry I wish you really understood where I belong. N. Y. Times Public Op Ed How our language defines who we are. Huck Finn Tom Sawyer Note hidden in tree knot A few things you should know.
13
What to consider about how to format me and where I belong
Business Education RAFT Students are reviewing elements from “Insert” Drop Down Menu This RAFT uses the columns of Role and Audience to review basic elements and vocabulary of this unit. Role Audience Format Topic Page number Writer of a document List of questions What to consider about how to format me and where I belong Text Box TV audience Late Night’s Top 10 List What you need to know to use me right. Clip art Student preparing a PowerPoint presentation Song lyrics ”Find me, Place me, Change Me” Column break Page break Opinion statement Why I’m more important than you A Caption Editor Set of directions How to clarify what is in a pie chart or diagram Auto Text feature Writers of business letters Energizer Bunny commercial The advantages of using Auto Text
14
What I wish you knew about me. Thomas Jefferson
RAFT Planning Sheet Know: (facts, vocab) {think about the KNOW when planning the Role or Audience?} Understand: (statement) {think about the Understand when writing the topics} Do: (verb) {This might be the guide for the format?} Role Audience Format Topic Afghan youth American youth Letter What I wish you knew about me. Thomas Jefferson Current residents of Tennessee Newspaper Article Influence of Meriwether Lewis on westward expansion. Compass Rose Middle Schoolers Poem I point the way.
15
Lessons from the School of Athens Quarter note Rest
RAFT Planning Sheet Know: (facts, vocab) {think about the KNOW when planning the Role or Audience?} Understand: (statement) {think about the Understand when writing the topics} Do: (verb) {This might be the guide for the format?} Role Audience Format Topic Quadriceps Athlete Letter How to protect me. Raphael Andy Warhol Poem Lessons from the School of Athens Quarter note Rest How much time you got?
16
Role Audience Format Topic William Harvey Lungs Drawing
RAFT Planning Sheet Know: (facts, vocab) {think about the KNOW when planning the Role or Audience?} Understand: (statement) {think about the Understand when writing the topics} Do: (verb) {This might be the guide for the format?} Role Audience Format Topic William Harvey Lungs Drawing Let’s circulate! Mesosphere Thermo-sphere Poem We’re reflective Rocket Fuel Rocket Engine Letter Let’s get going! Moon Ocean Tide I’ve got pull
17
Angles Relationship RAFT
Role Audience Format Topic One vertical angle Opposite vertical angle Poem It’s like looking in a mirror Interior (exterior) angle Alternate interior (exterior) angle Invitation to a family reunion My separated twin Acute angle Missing angle Wanted poster Wanted: My complement An angle less than 180 Supplementary angle Persuasive speech Together, we’re a straight angle **Angles Humans Video See, we’re everywhere! ** This last entry would take more time than the previous 4 lines, and assesses a little differently. You could offer it as an option with a later due date, but you would need to specify that they need to explain what the angles are, and anything specific that you want to know such as what is the angle’s complement or is there a vertical angle that corresponds, etc.
18
Algebra RAFT Role Audience Format Topic Coefficient Variable Email
We belong together Scale / Balance Students Advice column Keep me in mind when solving an equation Humans Monologue All that I can be Algebra students Instruction manual How and why to isolate me Algebra Public Passionate plea Why you really do need me!
19
RAFT assignment: Foods Unit
Role Cookbook Writer Audience Cooks Format Recipe Topic Instructions on food preparation Chef Customer Menu Detailed description of food preparation Restaurant Owner Complaint Problem with food or poor service Student Overseas Travel Writer Parents Reader wanting to travel Letter Recommendation Describing a typical meal you eat with your guest family Good things to eat while in Germany, what to avoid
20
Saturday morning viewers Jingle, rap, or chant
Consumer Education Class RAFT In this RAFT, all students will have a Topic that focus on food safety practices. The Formats are meant to appeal to different learning styles. Role Audience Format Topic Raw chicken pieces Chefs in training Dramatic speech Why foods like me (poultry) require special handling and care of utensils Cartoon characters Saturday morning viewers Jingle, rap, or chant The importance of cleanliness and washing hands National Restaurant Organization Restaurant workers Illustrated Poster or Flow Diagram Proper care of knives and cutting boards Bacteria Ground beef Role play or simulation Dangers of thawing meat out on a counter Power Company Consumer Relations Dept. Homeowners who have lost power for 3+ days due to hurricane or ice storm Consumer Alert messages for broadcast on TV What to do with items from the refrigerator and freezer that have come to room temperature Mayonnaise in egg salad Picnickers Urgent Watch out! I’m going to get you!
21
Possible Role or Audience Ideas for a RAFT Choose ideas that advance the learning goals.
Characters from a story Public service job Key terms Scientists or politicians Historical figures Musical instruments Diseases Geographic formations Vocabulary words Cartoon characters Types of fabric Composers or artists Instruments or tools Shapes or colors Authors or inventors Business or industry person Minerals or chemical elements Cities, countries, continents Brand name object Technical terms Tradesman or other job Animals, birds, pets Body systems Celebrity or talk show host
22
Role Audience Format Topic RAFT Planning Sheet
Know: (facts, vocab) {think about the KNOW when planning the Role or Audience?} Understand: (statement) {think about the Understand when writing the topics} Do: (verb) {This might be the guide for the format?} Role Audience Format Topic
Similar presentations
