1. International Telecommunication Union The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010 Technical session 5: Electric vehicles and Climate Change Enabling Electric Vehicles Using the Smart Grid – George Arnold Project Edison – Networking in a V2G Project – Bernhard Jansen Mass Deployment of Electric Cars – The Better Place Solution – Ziva Patir Vehicle Design Summit – Steven Jeremy Ntambi Green GT – Jean-Francois Weber Moderator: James Rosenstein ITS Consultant

2. International Telecommunication Union The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010 Enabling electric vehicles using the smart grid: Highlights Smart grids are needed to: reduce energy use and environmental impact, increase grid efficiency, increase use of renewables, support shift from oil to electric transportation, enhance reliability and security of the electric system Electric vehicles reduce environmental impact, have good performance NIST aims to provide an overall architecture and select the right standards for the US, ensuring interoperability Information requirements include: identification, vehicle monitoring, pricing, load management, timing information

3. International Telecommunication Union The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010 Project Edison – Networking in a V2G Project: Highlights Goal: design energy system for whole country, supporting many EVs and volatile renewable energy resources IBM’s role: develop a management system to control charging of EVs, linked to wind energy availability and optimal grid use Need to consider: authentication requirements and methods, V2G information exchange Two different control mechanisms, open and closed loop, with different communication patterns

4. International Telecommunication Union Mass deployment of electric cars – the Better Place solution: Highlights Electric vehicles make environmental, social and economic sense, especially mid-size BetterPlace solution: charge spots, battery switch, driver services, back office Technology: easy adaptation to electric powering, EV mass production technology well established, most infrastructure already exists Substantial reduction of CO2 and urban air pollution, and the monetary cost of environmental damage Standardization essential, but difficulties in balance among stakeholders, and no consumers, government, NGOs or energy agencies involved The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010

5. International Telecommunication Union Vehicle Design Summit: Highlights VDS: student-led, new paradigm, leapfrogged new technologies, developed on M.I.T. X-teams model: extensive ties, flexible membership Developed a 4-6 seater HEV networked vehicle, did case study in India Final concept based on modular power, including straight electricity, hybrid architecture Uganda team developed entire powertrain and data networking hub Way forward: leapfrog into new markets, convert existing vehicles, explore new markets, industries in populous countries, start with public transport The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010

6. International Telecommunication Union Green GT: Highlights The 24 Heures du Mans dilemma: how to combine reason and safety with passion and risk, and also protect the environment 125,000 l of fuel consumed in one week at Le Mans; efforts now being made to reduce this level Green GT 100% clean: solar, hydrogen fuel cell, batteries and electric power Solar panels fully charge batteries The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010

7. International Telecommunication Union The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010 Conclusions / Recommendations Electric cars have major potential to reduce environmental impact and the cost of pollution Smart grids are a major enabler, can reduce energy use, increase grid efficiency, increase use of renewables, support shift from oil to electric transport, enhance reliability and security of the electric system

8. International Telecommunication Union Conclusions / Recommendations There are information requirements for the interaction between EVs and the grid, along with authentication requirements and several possible methods BetterPlace proposes a complete solution, involving renewable energy, EVs, batteries and software, a customer interface and infrastructure and service & control center The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010

9. International Telecommunication Union Conclusions / Recommendations M.I.T.’s X-team model is a useful approach to achieve better coordination and global solutions Given the growth potential of emerging markets, they should be a major focus for EV development Emotion and passion are a key component in attracting customers to alternative vehicles, and electric race cars are a good initiative The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010

10. International Telecommunication Union Conclusions / Recommendations V2G requires many standards Serious efforts need to be made to overcome the profusion of standards, the lack of coordination and balance among stakeholders Interoperability is a key goal Essential to achieve buy-in of OEMs and suppliers The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010