1. Classification of Psychiatric Disorders
Chapter Two

2. Mental Disorder/Psychiatric Disorder
Is an illness with psychogenic or behavioral manifestations associated with impairment in functioning due to biologic, social, psychogenic, genetic, physical and chemical disturbances.
Each illness has characteristics signs and symptoms

3. Two main Classification Systems
ICD 10 (International Classification of Diseases)
DSM 5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual)
Over 200 types of psychiatric illness are classified and according to ICD 10 the main categories of illness or disorders are-

4. The main categories of ICD 10
Organic including symptomatic, mental disorders
Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use.
Schizophrenia, Schizotypal and Delusional disorder.
Mood (Affective) disorders
Neurotic, Stress related and Somatoform disorder.
Behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbance and physical factors
Disorders of adult personality and behaviour
Mental retardation
Disorders of psychological development
Behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood or adolescences.

5. Classification of psychiatric disorders (Davidson)
Stress related disorders
Acute stress disorder
Adjustment disorder
Post-traumatic disorder
Anxiety disorders
Generalized anxiety
Phobic anxiety
Panic anxiety
Obsessive-compulsive anxiety
Affective mood disorders
Depressive disorder
Mania and bipolar disorder
Schizophrenia and delusional disorders
Substance misuse disorders
Alcohol
Drugs

6. Disorders of adult personality and behavior Personality disorder
Organic disorders
Acute, e.g. delirium
Chronic, e.g. dementia
Disorders of adult personality and behavior
Personality disorder
Factitious disorder
Eating disorders
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
Somatoform disorders
Somatisation disorder
Dissociative (conversion) disorder
Pain disorder
Hypochondriasis
Body dysmorphic disorder
Somatoform autonomic dysfunction
Neurasthenia
Puerperal mental disorders

7. Old Classification of Psychiatric Disorders
Organic Psychiatric Disorders
Functional Psychiatric Disorders
Major/Psychosis
Minor/Neurosis
Others

8. Difference between Psychosis and Neurosis
I. Etiology
i. Genetic factors
More important (in disorders like schizophrenia, mood disorders etc.)
Less important (important in making a personality vulnerable)
ii. Stressful life events
Less important
More important
II. Psychopathology
Personality disintegration
Total
Partial

9. III. Clinical Features
i. Touch with reality
Lost
Not
ii. Insight into the illness
Lost (Patient usually brought by the relatives).
Present (Patient himself comes for treatment).
iii. Judgment
Impaired
Intact
iv. Social relationships and behavior
Markedly affected
Usually not affected
v. Neglect of Personal hygiene
May be present
vi. Disturbances of memory, orientation, consciousness and intelligence
Common (in organic psychoses)
Rare
vii. Disturbances of thinking (delusions) and Perception (illusions and hallucinations)
Common
Rare

10. IV. Treatment i
. Electroconvulsive
Very useful (in
Not useful
therapy
Functional Psychoses)
ii. Drugs
Neuroleptics
(Major
Minor tranquillizers and
tranquillizers) and
anti -
depressants
antidepressants
commonly used
commonly used
iii. Psychotherapy
Supportive type (useful
Analytic,
supportive and
when
the patient is in
other types very useful.
remission )

11. V. Prognosis
Difficult to treat. Recovery may not be possible. Relapses are common
Easy to treat. Recovery is possible and complete. Relapses are uncommon

12. The END