1. Cosmology at LAM Cosmology at LAM A deep and wide look in the Universe Jean-Paul Kneib Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille

2. Cosmology at LAM  A growing cosmology centre in France (~20 researchers)  Many projects: Observational and Instrumental (for space and ground observatories)  A strong link with particle physicist in Luminy (CPPM+CPT)

3. People Faculty/Researcher: Jean-Paul Kneib Christophe Adami Stéphane Arnouts Stéphane Basa J.-Gabriel Cuby Jean-Michel Deharveng Olivier Le Fevre Vincent Lebrun Roger Malina Alain Mazure Laurence Tresse Marie Treyer (in Caltech) Anne Ealet Charling Tao PhD students Marie-Helene Aumenier Melanie Filiol Pascale Hibon Eric Jullo Sylvain De Latorre Alexie Leauthaud Baptiste Meneux Postdocs Lidia Tasca Jacob Walcher

4. Cosmology Themes Cosmology Themes Deep galaxy surveys: a statistical & multi-wavelength approach on galaxy evolution (GALEX, VLT/VIMOS, HST, Spitzer) Supernovae in the SNLS: constrain on the cosmological parameters Gravitational lensing: Dark matter distribution in bounded structures (clusters, groups & galaxies) The first galaxies in the Universe: finding and studying the most distant galaxies (Ly-alpha search, lensing search) Physics of clusters of galaxies: from low to higher z IGM properties: using distant quasars and spectra of Galex sources.

5. BIG Galaxy Surveys 500-600 spectra in one shot 2D spectra of a single galaxy Red Blue λ Measuring Spectra with VIMOS (built At LAM) ! Aim to get ~100000 spectra VLT VIMOS

6. Deep Galaxy Surveys Deep Galaxy Surveys LAM is involved in many different galaxy surveys aiming at tracing galaxy evolution as a function of time up to z~4 VVDS: The “VIMOS VLT Deep Survey” A I-band magnitude selected survey - shallow I AB <22.5 on 10 sq degrees (on 5 fields): ~30 000 redshifts - deep I AB <24 on 1.2 sq. degree: ~15 000 redshifts

7. N(z), I AB  24 =0.76 VVDS redshift desert Peaks at z~0.8 High redshift tail to z~5 VVDS redshift desert: due to 5500-9300Å observations VVDS: Redshift distribution VVDS: Redshift distribution

8. Comparing Observations & Simulations Comparing Observations & Simulations Constraints on galaxy evolution in the Universe 0.7 < z < 0.8 0.5 < z < 0.6 0.7 < z < 0.8 Galaxy densities Courtesie Marinoni Observations Simulations

9. VVDS: Evolution of galaxy types 2-3x increase with z for early types 5-10x decrease in latest types Spectral types (SED fit to photometry) Early type vs. Latest types LF (2 of 4 types) Zucca et al. astroph/0506393

10. High redshift galaxies 1.5<z<4.5 2 to 6 times more galaxies at z~3 than previously thought ! BHZGs: A missing link between various populations seen so far ? LBGs, DRGs, SMBGs, BzK… Le Fèvre et al., Nature, in press

11. COSMOS Survey Features The Largest Contiguous Area observed with Hubble (cycle 12-13) Large Area: 1.4 x 1.4 deg => Cover largest large scale structures (~2.10 14 Solar Mass) => Rare Objects at high redshift (total of ~2.10 16 galaxies) High Sensitivity ( I ~27 mag, 10  ) and High Resolution (~0.1”) => Morphology of L * galaxies at z < 2 => Strong and weak lensing (probe of DM) Equatorial Field: 10h +02 => Multi- observations from all telescopes Complementary to other Deep Survey (UDF, GOODS, GEMS, CFHTLS, VVDS, DEEP, SDSS …)

12. ACS HUBBLE Treasury Data PI:Nick Scoville Caltech 590 orbits: ACS/F814W (~2 sq.deg) + NICMOS-3/ F160W (7% of area) Shown: 477 orbits as of mid May 2005 NICMOS-3 1.6  m -- 24mag ~7% of area ACS I-band 1.4 degree Koekemoer et al Native: 100k x 100k image Drizzled: 165k x 165k => 100 Gb image !!!

13. Massey et al Cluster at z=0.73 Weak Lensing Mass Map on central 1 sq.degree

14. R E =1.7” First Strong Lensing Systems in COSMOS R E =3” Faure et al We expect 20-50 strong lensing systems, Sample comparable in size to other strong lensing surveys!!! Probe mass dsitribution and Cosmology(?)

15. Faint Sample: (270 hours)  Ground based Color selected to probe high redshift (1.5<z<2.5 tail)  Blue Low Res grism; UBVR+ BzK selection  ~13000 redshifts central area bright catalogue Faint colour- selected catalogue zCOSMOS: VIMOS Redshift survey Bright Sample: (270 hours)  ACS selected: I AB <22.5  Red Med Res grism -> velocity  ~27000 redshifts full area

16. Other Deep Galaxy Surveys Other Deep Galaxy Surveys CFHT-Legacy survey: Ugriz imaging with Megacam at CFHT - WIDE: cosmic shear motivated - DEEP: galaxy evolution and Supernovae Survey (SNLS) WIRDS: WIRCAM Deep Surveys Aim to cover 3 square degrees in the infrared (J,H,K) with the new WIRCAM camera ZEN: z Equals ~Nine Narrow-band Lyman alpha survey at z~8.8 using infrared cameras

17. SuperNova Legacy Survey 2003-2008 CFHT partly dedicated to SN search, 8m telescopes on alert Observation every month More than 150 SN found Hard to do better from the ground

18. dataanalysisphysics Supernovae: comological constraints Images Spectra redshift identification Ia magnitude  M,   Hubble

19. Cluster Lenses  Cluster of Galaxies are powerful lenses:  Cluster mass distribution  Finding high redshift magnified galaxies  Cosmological constraints (cosmography)

20. First Light with Cluster Lenses  Most distant galaxies and their properties, ACS+NICMOS search on HST  Narrow band searches  Probing re-ionisation Spitzer HST Kneib et al 2004

21. Future projects NIRSPEC on JWST (galaxy evolution, z>7) DUNE/SNAP (lensing+SN) ECLAIRS (GRB+high-z) Participation on HERSCHELL EMIR on GRANTECAN (high-z) Multi-IFU spectrographs on ELTs (first galaxies and Sne, probing 7<z<18)

22. Le Next Generation Space Telescope: JWST NIRSPEC Spectrograph (Astrium/LAM)

23. Wide Field Imager in Space IFU spectrograph slicer visible+IR 3’’x3’’, [0.35-1.7]  m (LAM) JDEM/SNAP Probe cosmology and dark energy using lensing and SuperNovae, interest for galaxy evolution SNAP and DUNE projects

24. A unique example a z~6.3 GRBs Detection with TAROT (OHP) Photometric redshift with VLT Redshift with Subaru GRBs are true cosmological probe ! + 25 s +50 s +70 s TAROT

25. ECLAIRS Horizon 2009 Interface with satellite Camera Gamma of 80°x80° Find gamma-ray burst ~5 keV- 100 keV X-ray/optical telescope to Locate the burst within 1 arcmin Need optical ground based telescope (optical+IR) to produced light curves and measure precise redshift

26. MOMFIS on OWL  A multi-object, multi-IFU instruments  Probe the 7<z<18 universe: galaxies and SNe  30 IFUs, 20 mas pixel size for a 50 mas resolution, using Slicers (LAM technology)  Similar concepts for TMT (to be tested on 8-10 meters?)  Developpement of OH supression filter/fibers MOMFIS (preliminary study)

27. Have a Nice Visit !