1. Sustainable Gambia To do:Finish case study Population management strategies 199520002009 Population million1.31.51.8 Growth rate3.73.32.6 Births per women6.15.85 Birth rate per 1000454238 Life expectancy515254 Infant mortality878169 Death rate171922 Has Gambia’s management solutions worked? How do you know? Gambia’s management solutions have/have not worked because...

2. Sustainable Meeting the needs of the _________ without impacting on the needs of the __________ How is looking after the forest sustainable? How is educating people about deforestation sustainable?

3. Over population From this...To this!

4. Natural Resources in Gambia 1.What is happening to the natural resources in Gambia? 2.Why is this happening? 3.How are they trying to solve the problem and who is involved?

5. Why is education the key to Gambia’s future?

6. Gambia’s population has been growing rapidly and has meant that a youthful population exists within the country. The future of Gambia is relying on the education of the young children. Education is the key to Gambia’s future because …………

7. The future of Gambia Explain, using a case study, how a government or NGO’s have managed population (4) How does this sustain the well being of the people that live in the country?

8. Review Discuss in pairs Why Gambia has an overpopulated country and a youthful population? Gambia is over populated because……… This means that …………. and therefore Name 2 problems this has created and how they are trying to solve the problems. One problem Gambia has is ……. This is because……………………… One they try to solve the problem is by ……….. A second problem is ……………. How are they trying to sustain the resources in the country? Resources that are being used are ……………. As there are so many people this is a problem because …………….. One way of sustaining this is to ……………….. which means ………. A second way to sustain resources is to …… What is the future of the country? Gambia has many issues which the Government and NGO’s are trying to solve. The future looks more promising for Gambia because ……

9. Why do countries manage populations?

10. Why manage population? Too high a population and resources such as.... may run out This could lead to... Too little population and there are not enough people for the jobs This has a negative effective on the... A youthful population puts pressure on... This means the government has to spend money on.... instead of... Lots of immigration puts pressure on... This means... High rates of emigration means... The country could lose its skilled work force Therefore governments act to keep skilled workers by...

11. Explain why countries manage their populations (4) A reason a country has to sustainably manage their population is due to overcrowding. The more people are born the less space there is for people to live, the consequence of this is ………….. Choose 2 reasons and explain

12. How can we manage populations?

13. Pro-natalist policies include incentives to encourage people to have children eg. Financial payments (ie…) Anti-natalist policies encourage people to have fewer children eg. by providing free state education for only the first child in the family/1 child policy

14. Russian Sex Day: 12th September, 9 months before the national day. Everyone takes a day off and if you have a baby on the national day, you get rewards.

15. China- One child policy

16. Case Study: Pro-Natalist Estonia Investigate this policy using p153. Note form is fine. What is a) birth rate b) death rate c) natural increase What has happened to fertility rates in the past few decades? What are future projections? Why are Estonians having fewer children? How did the government management falling fertility rate? How effective has this been? (advantages/disadvantages) What is ‘replacement level’? What problems might Estonia face in the future if not enough children are born? (think of domestic/international issues)

17. Evaluation How effective are the policies? Which is more effective?

18. The following slides have web-inks you may want to use http://volcanoesmakemeexplode.wetpaint.co m/page/Pro-Natalist+Policies http://volcanoesmakemeexplode.wetpaint.co m/page/Pro-Natalist+Policies

19. China http://www.sln.org.uk/geography/schools/blythebridge/chi na.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/pop ulation/managing_population_rev3.shtml http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwhKdwcYWTU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iUCZW5YdAdQ http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/oct/31/china- thinktank-abolition-one-child-policy http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-19630110 https://sites.google.com/site/neatherdgcsegeography/unit-2-people-and-the- planet/11-1-population-change/6-how-can-population-change-be-managed- sustainably

20. France http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/ge ography/population/managing_population_re v5.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/ge ography/population/managing_population_re v5.shtml http://geographyas.info/population/france- pro-natalism/ http://geographyas.info/population/france- pro-natalism/

21. Estonia https://sites.google.com/site/neatherdgcsege ography/unit-2-people-and-the-planet/11-1- population-change/6-how-can-population- change-be-managed-sustainably https://sites.google.com/site/neatherdgcsege ography/unit-2-people-and-the-planet/11-1- population-change/6-how-can-population- change-be-managed-sustainably

22. Exam questions Outline one reason why some governments wish to control population size (2) Describe two policies that have been used to encourage women to have more children (pro-natal policies) (2) Describe the methods governments can use to control population size (4) Explain why global population growth rates are slowing down (3)