1. enda - Programme « Énergie, Environnement, Développement » (enda.energy@orange.sn)enda.energy@orange.sn Combate against desertification & Adaptation to Climate Change (food security) Emmanuel Seck September 2007 Case of Agricultural Production Systems of Sebikotane in the Niayes (Senegal)

2. Enda experience in the Niayes: Enda experience in the Niayes: Agricultural Production Systems of Sebikotane The Niayes: Northern Coastal areaNorthern Coastal area (Dakar - Saint-Louis) long of 120 km and large of 20 km Eco-geographical area presentsEco-geographical area presents important despressions appropriated to market gardening + of 80 % of market-garden+ of 80 % of market-garden cultivation and exportation of fruite and legumes of the country enda Source: CRDI

3. Constatations Degradation of land and deforestation Reduction of pastoral area Reduction of Water resources Wind and Water Erosions Migration of Youth from rural area to urban Centers and progressively to abroad Problem of food security Agriculture mainly on rainy season enda

4. Agricultural Production Systems of Sebikotane in the Niayes (Senegal) Technical - Multiplication of agriculture cycles - Diversification and combination of several cultivations leguminousleguminous CerealCereal FruiteFruite - Drip irrigation

5. Source: Enda Syspro, 2005 Agricultural Production System of Sebikotane in the Niayes (Sénégal) Environmental - Installation of windbreak conribute to reduce evapotranspiration, to sequestrate carbone and fertilize the land - linear forest - Productive soil

6. Carbon of hedges: Comparative table EcosystemsStocks of Carbon in the vegetation [t/ha] Tropical Forests220 Tempered Forest150 Boreal Forest90 Meadows & savannah15 Agricultural land5 Agricultural Production Systems of Sebikotane 15.676 (Hedges, litter etc.) Cairns M. A. and R. A. Meganck : Carbon sequestration, biological diversity and sustainable devlopment integrated forest management – 1994. Source: Moussa Na Abou, Mémoire DEA, 2004 Cairns M. A. and R. A. Meganck : Carbon sequestration, biological diversity and sustainable devlopment integrated forest management – 1994. Source: Moussa Na Abou, Mémoire DEA, 2004

7. Carbone of Soil : Comparative table Types of soil% MO% C org. Arid climate Soil10.58 tempered climate soil21.16 boreal climate soil3 to 5% and more 1.74 to 2.90 and more Humid Climate Soil3 to 5% and more 1.74 to 2.90 and more Agricutural Production Systems of Sebikotane 4.33 to 5.992.52 to 3.53 Dominique Slotner: Les bases de la Production végétale: le Sol – Tome I- 1978 Source: Moussa Na Abou, Mémoire DEA, 2004

8. Source: Enda Syspro, 2005 Agricultural Production System of Sebikotane in the Niayes (Sénégal) Economical - Access to markets (national, sub-regional, international) - Generation of incomes -Contribution to GDP

9. Source: Enda Syspro, 2005 Agricultural Production System of Sebikotane in the Niayes (Sénégal) Social Generation of employment Food Security Women participation

10. Conclusion Agricultural Production Systems developed by the NGO ENDA is the basis of National Agricultural Policy called « Senegal agricole » Senegal is in Sahel region and present the same climatic realities with other countries of the same area. Could these adaptation alternatives implemented in Senegal, be applicated in other sahelian countries to contribute to food security and sustainable development?

11. V Visite du Sous Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies et Président de la Commission pour le Développement Durable, Nitin Desai, 1998 Visite du Bureau du Conseil Exécutif du PNUD avec Cheikh Hamidou Kane PCA de Enda T.M, 2004 Visite du Président de la Banque Mondiale, James Wolfensohn qui signe le lancement du « Sénégal Agricole », Fev. 1997 Visite du Directeur Général de la FAO, Jacques Diouf qui Le logo du « Sénégal Agricole », mai 1998 THANK YOU !