1. 人教课标版 高二选修 6 Unit 4 人教课标版 高二选修 6 Unit 4

2. Writing

3. READING TASK Answer key for Exercise 1: 1 the main point of view to be circled: All sorts of items become litter, but two of the most common and most dangerous are cigarette butts and plastic bags.

4. 2 The evidence about cigarette butts Tom gives to support his argument to be underlined: Over 1,600 billion cigarettes are smoked each year in China… the toxic chemicals add up to a great amount.

5. 3 The evidence about plastic bags Tom gives to support his argument to be boxed: They are made from… to kill another animal.

6. 4 Tom’s solutions: 1) Put cigarette butts in the rubbish bin. 2) Not to let plastic bags become litter. 3) Use fewer plastic bags and recycle them 4) Not to smoke. 5) Not use plastic bags at all

7. Answer key for Exercise 2 (P67) First ParagraphPoint of view Litter is a serious environmental problem

8. Second Paragraph First point of the argument; Evidence Cigarette butts are small but are still bad for the environment. 1. Over 1,600 billion cigarettes are smoked each year in China. Many of the butts become litter.

9. Second Paragraph 2. 4.5 trillion butts are littered every year in the world. 3. Butts spoil the beauty of the environment 4. Butts contain toxic chemicals. These get into the water supply. These decrease the quality of the water and endanger living things. 5. Butts take up to 5 years to break down, so the toxic chemicals add up to a great amount.

10. Third Paragraph Second point of the argument Plastic bags are a danger to the environment.

11. Third Paragraph Evidence 1.Plastic bags are made from non-renewable resources. If they are not recycled, these resources are lost to us. 2.In China, 2 billion plastic bags are used every day. Many of these become litter.

12. Third Paragraph 3. Plastic bags last from 20 to 1000 years in the environment. 4. They can travel long distances in the air and water. They are in rivers, parks, beaches and oceans. 5. Plastic bags kill up to one million seabirds, 100,000 sea mammals and countless fish each year worldwide.

13. Third Paragraph 6. After the animal breaks down, the plastic bag becomes free and can kill another animal.

14. Fourth Paragraph Point of view The environment would be less polluted if we cleaned up cigarette butts and plastic bags. The best solution would be not to smoke or use plastic bags at all.

15. Writing Task (P67) Writing tips: Step 1: Write out the thesis statement. (point of view) Step 2: Write out the topic sentence of the first body paragraph. Step 3: Give the supporting points and details about the first subtopic.

16. Step 4: Write out the topic sentence of the second body paragraph. Step 5: Give the supporting points and details about the second subtopic. (more body paragraphs...)

17. ● Now choose a topic from the below list that you feel strongly about. Make notes on your topic using headings similar to those in the table above. Use Tom's essay as a model to write your own.

18. A sample list of environment topics: air pollution, noise, soil erosion, water pollution, litter classification, desertification, make green by planting trees

19. A sample version: The Environmental Effects of Fossil Fuels There is no doubt that fossil fuels bring a lot of good to us. But do you know that many of the environmental problems our country faces today result from our fossil fuel dependence.

20. The environment faces air pollution, global warming, acid rain, and several other very serious problems because of our use of fossil fuels. Over the last 150 years, burning of fossil fuels has resulted in more than 25 percent increase in carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.

21. Carbon dioxide is one of the main factors in global warming which is negatively affecting everyone. Fossil fuels also affect water pollution, land pollution, and thermal pollution (heat pollution).

22. Coal mining is one of the causes of pollution in the environment. After the mining is completed, the land will remain barren. Materials other than coal are also brought to the surface in the coal mining process, and these are left as solid wastes.

23. The production, transportation, and use of fossil fuels are to blame for the effects of pollution on the environment. Then what should we do? We should spare no effort to improve our environment. Please save energy and use fewer fossil fuels in our daily lives.