1. 1 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Distribution Network Planning Daniel Desrosiers, P. Eng Engineering Consulting Services

2. 2 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. What is Planning? Planning (also called forethought) is the process of thinking about and organizing the activities required to achieve a desired goal. thinking Planning involves the creation and maintenance of a plan. As such, planning is a fundamental property of intelligent behavior. This thought process is essential to the creation and refinement of a plan, or integration of it with other plans; that is, it combines forecasting of developments with the preparation of scenarios of how to react to them. plan intelligent behaviorplanforecasting From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

3. 3 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Network Planning Goals Reach all consumers wanting to be connected. Meet their demand. Provide satisfactory power supply reliability. Provide power supply quality.

4. 4 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Planning and Forecast An important, albeit often ignored aspect of planning, is the relationship it holds with forecasting. Forecasting can be described as predicting what the future will look like, whereas planning predicts what the future should look like. [1] The counterpart to planning is spontaneous order. [1]spontaneous order From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

5. 5 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Planning Overview 5 The evolution of a distribution power system comprises a number of stages of development Although capacity, security and quality/efficiency of supply are of concern throughout the development of a system, the focus shifts over time. In the early stages of rapid load growth or reconstruction, the priority is to build sufficient capacity to meet the load demands. Following establishment of the network and loads, security of supply becomes a critical factor. Once the system has matured, the focus is on optimization in terms of supply quality and efficiency.

6. 6 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. The Environment S TRATEGIC P LANNING D ISTRIBUTION N ETWORK P LANNING S UBTRANSMISSION N ETWORK G ENERATION C APACITY C USTOMER C ONNECTIONS L OAD F ORECASTING C ITY /T OWN P LANNING R ENEWABLE AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOLUTIONS P ROTECTION, R ELIABILITY AND Q UALITY OF SUPPLY N ETWORK O PERATIONS & S YSTEM DESIGN A SSETS MANAGEMENT AND C APITAL / RESOURCES P LANNING J OIN WORKING WITH OTHER UTILITIES

7. 7 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. High Level Planning Process

8. 8 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Network Analysis Part Get Reference network YEAR n Identify and validate solutions Yearly T&D Scheduled Projects and Improvements for YEAR n+1 Obtain New Yearly Network Model Run Simulations Introduce new loads, Apply Load growth All ok? >Last Year The End Network becomes the Reference network for year n+1 No Update future yearly projects list Increment YEAR counter NoYes Start Review and optimize projects plan

9. 9 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Finding Solutions Identify and validate solutions Network Solutions Preliminary $ Estimate Non-Network Solutions Risk Assessment Compare Solutions Technical and financial Recommendation Update Projects list

10. 10 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Why use modern power system tools? Although most network planning related calculations could be done by hand, doing so will limit the number of studied solutions Using modern power system analysis tools makes it easy to create multiple project scenarios thus increasing planning quality Single data entry + Automation of data integration from multiple sources Territory or sub network approach allowing quick check of the entire network performance

11. 11 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Modern Power System Software is to planning what spreadsheet software was to accounting in the 80’ A wise man at Cooper/Cyme

12. 12 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Power System Analysis Tools What should we look for : It should be flexible allowing variable focus for the studies It should allow easy integration of forecast Provide on demand recalculation Answer questions, support decisions Complete: take into consideration all the environment and integrate various data sources

13. 13 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Keeping up with the network!

14. 14 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Environment – Network Connection

15. 15 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Study case 1: PF correction Problem: Reducing losses associated with poor PF at feeder level. Analysis used: Optimal capacitor placement

16. 16 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Study case 2: VAR optimization Problem: Good PF at peak but needed better management off-peak. Analysis used: Volt Vars optimization (VVO) 1 Peak 2 3

17. 17 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Study Case 3: Voltage Optimization Problem: Initial voltage profile showing little margin for optimization (see below)

18. 18 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Study Case 3: Voltage Optimization We applied various mitigation solutions: phase balancing, cap banks and voltage regulators relocation and addition. Results after corrections:

19. 19 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Study Case 3: Voltage Optimization We looked at the global picture for potential: 2 1 MarginMargin

20. 20 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Study Case 3: Voltage Optimization How does the margin translates in $$$?

21. 21 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Study Case 3: Voltage Optimization How does the margin translates in $$$?

22. 22 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Remember:

23. 23 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved. Questions?...I know they have some!

24. 24 © 2013 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.