1. Biomass Utilization for Energy Conversion Economic considerations Dr. Bernd Dous Ministry of Economy and Trade Hamburg

2. Introduction Big Bang in the German supply with natural gas Big Bang in the German supply with natural gas Start up of discussion about the energy supply in Germany now and in future: security of supply Start up of discussion about the energy supply in Germany now and in future: security of supply Effects on costs of living and living standard Effects on costs of living and living standard The German situation demonstrated by data and information about Hamburg (infrastructural data) The German situation demonstrated by data and information about Hamburg (infrastructural data)

3. Synergistic Effects of Waste Treatment and Energy Conversion Example slaughterhouse Hamburg Example slaughterhouse Hamburg Important facts: legislation and costs Important facts: legislation and costs Results: waste treatment under controlled conditions according the ecological legislation, energy production was secondary Results: waste treatment under controlled conditions according the ecological legislation, energy production was secondary Today the aspects of energy supply are dominating Today the aspects of energy supply are dominating

4. Technology and Cost Structure production, collection, pretreatment production, collection, pretreatment Storage Storage Conversion process Conversion process Distribution of products/energy Distribution of products/energy Revenues Revenues Evaluation of specific conditions is essential Evaluation of specific conditions is essential

5. Market prices for selected materials Wood chops (with 35% water) 50€ per 1000kg Wood chops (with 35% water) 50€ per 1000kg Wood pellets (dry)200€ per 1000kg Wood pellets (dry)200€ per 1000kg Wood, fresh50-80€ per m3 Wood, fresh50-80€ per m3 Biodiesel based on rape oil0.95 € per Liter Biodiesel based on rape oil0.95 € per Liter

6. Benefits Revenue of thermal energy Revenue of thermal energy Revenue of electrical energy Revenue of electrical energy Revenue of by products/residues e.g. fertilizer from biogas plants Revenue of by products/residues e.g. fertilizer from biogas plants Ecological improvements Ecological improvements Improved sanitation Improved sanitation Cleaner industrial and living areas Cleaner industrial and living areas Implementation of technical skills Implementation of technical skills Specific evaluation necessary Specific evaluation necessary

7. Examples Slaughterhouses: details are compiled in hand outs

8. Priorities/ranking/questions Decentralized production of electricity and thermal energy Decentralized production of electricity and thermal energy Development of infrastructure in the countryside Development of infrastructure in the countryside Optimized treatment and utilization organic wastes from agriculture Optimized treatment and utilization organic wastes from agriculture Treatment of industrial organic wastes/ industrial waste water Treatment of industrial organic wastes/ industrial waste water Sanitation as a sensitive sector (e.g problems of waste concentration) Sanitation as a sensitive sector (e.g problems of waste concentration) Combined utilization of electricity and thermal energy Combined utilization of electricity and thermal energy Modes of financing Modes of financing Public subsidies to help the start up Public subsidies to help the start up R&D activities R&D activities

9. Final Remarks Prices for energy will increases significantly Prices for energy will increases significantly Uncertain: timetable, rate and extend of increase of energy prices Uncertain: timetable, rate and extend of increase of energy prices Scenario: what happens when supply with primary energy is interrupted or comes to an end and what kind of precautions/technologies are possible and available in time? Scenario: what happens when supply with primary energy is interrupted or comes to an end and what kind of precautions/technologies are possible and available in time?