1. US Stripe Rust in 2006 Xianming Chen April 2, 2007 USDA-ARS, Wheat Genetics, Quality, Physiology, and Disease Research Unit Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University

2. Wheat Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici)

3. Barley Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei)

4. Wheat Stripe Rust Epidemic in the US in 2005

5. 1.51 5.0 Wheat Yield Losses Caused by Stripe Rust in 2005 (in percentage and million bushels) 2.72 2.6 2.46 4.4 3.24 2.3 0.44 5.0 0.53 1.0 0.07 1.0 33.78 8.0 0.04 0.2 0.26 5.0 0.03 1.0 0.60 2.0 2.89 4.0 6.81 5.0 0.04 0.5 17.82 15.2 0.06 1.0 US Total 3.36% 73.28 m Http://www.crl.umn.edu

6. First Observations of Stripe Rust in Various States in 2006 4/26 3/7 3/20 Colusa 3/16 St. Paul College Station Baton Rouge 4/23 Plains Walla 2 4/20 Corvallis 4/11 Sturtgart 4/17 5/13 Limestone Painter 5/16 Urbana 5/8 Kalispell 5/23 Hertford 5/17 Weston 5/28 Pullman 5/31 Clarksville 6/1 Pleurina 6/5 Wenetah 6/9 6/14 Fargo Logan 3/16 Yuma 3/20

7. Barley Stripe Rust 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 Spread in 1991 - 1995 Distributions in 2000-06 Trace– 20% Severe (>20%)

8. Yield Losses Caused by Stripe Rust in the US in 2006 StatePercentBushels Arkansas1.0189,800 California15.02,529,100 Idaho0.3164,500 3.0199,000 0.5172,400 Louisiana2.0114,700 Montana0.6498,400 0.163,900 Oregon0.277,500 0.528,900 Washington0.2238,100 0.5106,800 Crop Winter wheat Durum wheat Spring wheat Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter wheat Spring wheat US Total0.244,383,100 All wheat 0.0593,800 Barley http://www.cdl.umn.edu/index.htm

9. Barley differentials No. Cultivar 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Topper Heils Franken Emir Astrix Hiproly Varunda Abed Binder 12 Trumpf Mazurka Bigo I 5 12Bancroft Barley Stripe Rust Races in 2006 RaceVirulenceUSCAWAORAZ PSH Frequency (%) 11,22.36.3 361,42.3 481 561,5,7,8,124.7 601,5,7,8,9,10,127.06.3 771,3,5,7,8,9,10,122.3 711,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,1225.630.0 721,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,122.3 751,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1227.920.0 781,2,4,5,6,7,8,122.38.3 12.5 521,5,7,8 4.7 2.3 631,3,5,7,8,122.3 761,5,6,7,8,9,10,127.0 791,2,4,5,7,8,9,10,122.310.0 801,5,7,102.3 6.3 MN 6.3 12.5 6.3 20.0 10.0 25.0 10.0 31.3 75.0 83.3 18.8 6.3 811,7,102.3 100

10. Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei in Various States in 2006 State No. of Isolate No. of RacesPSH Race (and No. of Isolates) Arizona12372 (1), 75 (10), 78 (1) California16936 (1), 48 (2), 52 (1), 60 (1), 71 (5), 76 (3), 77 (1), 80 (1) Oregon4260 (1), 71 (3) Washington10756 (2), 60 (1), 63 (1), 71 (1) 75 (2), 76 (3), 79 (1) Minnesota1181 (1)* Total4316 * This isolate from barley also was identified as PST-123.

11. Wheat Stripe Rust Races Identified in 2006 race PST Virulences No. of samplesfrom 251,3,6,8,9,10,12 3WA 351,10 5WA 781,3,11,12,16,17,18,19,20 1WA 801,3,8,11,12,16,17,18,19,20 1GA 981,3,8,10,11,12,16,17,18,19,20 2LA,TX 1001,3,8,9,10,11,12,16,17,18,19,20 4216 states 1011,2,3,8,9,10,11,12,16,17,18,19,20 24CA (23), WA (1) 1021,3,8,9,10,11,12,14,16,17,18,19,20 1711 states 1111,3,5,8,9,10,11,12,16,17,18,19,20 5OR, ID, WA Collected Wheat Differentials NoName 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Yr5 Lemhi Chinese 166 Heines VII Moro Paha Druchamp Produra Yamhill Stephens Lee Fielder Tyee Tres Hyak 17Yr8 18Yr9 19Clement 20Compair 16Express NoName for PST races 1141,3,4,8,9,10,11,12,14,16,17,18,19,20 29OR, ID, WA, UT 1151,3,5,8,9,10,11,12,16,17,18,19,20 7OR, ID, WA 1161,3,4,5,8,9,10,11,12,16,17,18,19,20 1WA 1171,3,6,8,9,10,11,12,14,16,17,18,19,20 1OR, WA 1221,2,3,6,8,9,10,11,12,14,16,17,18,19,20 1CA 1231,3,6,8,9,10,11,12,16,17,18,19,20 2CA, MN 1241,2,3,12 1CA 1251,2,8,12 1CA 1261,2,8,10,12,16 1CA

12. PST Races and Their Frequencies in Various States in 2006

13. Total no. of races USWA 1811 No. of samples14752 No. of new races5 (3.5)0 (0) Races in old group2 (5.6)2 (15.4) Races in new group16 (94.4)9 (84.6) No. of previous races13 (96.5)11 (21.2) PST-100(29.4)(13.5) PST-114(20.3)(38.5) PST-101(16.8)(3.8) Race Identification of Wheat Stripe Rust in 2006 Predominant races Number (frequency, %) PST-102(11.9)(1.9) PST-115(4.9)(7.7) PST-111(3.5)(5.8)

14. Summary of Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in the US from 2000 to 2006 200020012002 20032004 2005 2006 No. of isolates No. of races No. of new races 143 18 5 486 27 6 293 28 6 420 31 10 414 39 9 34 10 184 156 42 21 Prevalent races 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 100 (29%) 101 (17%) 114 (20%) 102 (12%) 115 (5%) 100 (33%) 102 (27%) 115 (14%) 114 (3.2%) 116 (3%) 100 (50%) 102 (17%) 101 (4%) 92 (3%) 110 (3%) 100 (33%) 98 (29%) 97 (11%) 78 (6%) 80 (5%) 78 (31%) 97 (11%) 98 (10%) 80 (9%) 20 (5%) 78 (23%) 80 (17%) 67 (8%) 71 (5%) 64 (4%) 80 (12%) 20 (11%) 59 (11%) 58 (11%) 78 (8%)

15. Acknowledgements K. Burch C. Cowger J. Costa S. Harrison D. Hole L Jackson Y. Jin M. Johnston M. Kolding L. Kolb D. Long R. McIntosh S. Markell L. Penman K. Richardson D. Santra B. Steffenson A. Steve M. Wang J. Windes D. Wood J. YoumansM. Carson C. Griffey R. Harrington