1. By Andy Wilder, Riley Newell, Justin Martin, David Morgenstern. WHAP period 4/5 1-18-05

2. The signs were similar to what appeared briefly before the collapse of earlier dynasties. Military actions on the frontier drew massive amounts of funding from the royal treasury. The emperor became old and made foolish choices in his selection of officials. Manchu the official Heshen or Ho Shen took a lot of money for himself that was supposed to go to military forces or other more helpful places. Resentment between military and civilian officials aroused. Russians from the north and later other European came with strong trading pressure and occasional military confrontation.

3. 85 percent of population were farmers living in rural regions. The major area of China shifted to a southern location rather than the previous north. New crops ands long times of peace caused a population growth from about 70-80 million to over 300 million. The new crops included peanuts, sweet potatoes, and maize from the Americas and fast growing rice from southeast Asia. This population boom caused starvation in rural areas and many people were landless Manufacturing increased yet was still not favored because of heavy taxes on it. Silk, metal, wood products, porcelain, cotton, and tobacco were traded often.

4. Daily life continued the same as from traditional times. As many as 3 or 4 generations lived in the same household Younger men took care of the older people in the household The society was based mostly on the cultivation of rice by large families Sons were prized by their family. Sons stayed with the family to work the land until they had their own family. Marriages were arranged by parents for the benefit of the family. Males were dominate as always and women were inferior, with daughters being less desired than sons. Some people belonged to a clan which was a very large group of joint families.

5. Began during Ming Dynasty Less respectable than poetry and nonfiction Written by people using fake names Stories focused on lowlives of the city Included sexually explicit passages All of the stories however pornographic taught a lesson works included Gold Vase Plum translated in English to the Golden Lotus Another called Dream of the Red Chamber written in 1791 150 years after the Golden Lotus

6. Art boom Most worked modeled on past examples Architectural feat included Imperial city in Beijing Built on remnants of Yuan palace Built by Ming emperor Yongle Construction began in 1421 Surrounded by high walls Known as the forbidden city Silk production at all time high During Qing dynasty many paintings were done Forbidden city had own court painters European art was dismissed and did not have much importance Painting became repetitive3 and stale This led to decline during the Qing dynasty