1. Biology Warm Up Chemistry Review (test today)
Write complete answers to the following without using your book or notes.
When you finish, get a book and read section 7.3
1. Copy and complete this table
Sub-atomic particle
Approximate mass (amu*)
Charge
Location in atom
proton 1
neutron -1
The mass of one proton is about the same as 1 amu
2. What is an isotope?
a. Do two isotopes have the same number of protons?
b. Do two isotopes have the same atomic mass number?
3. List the four classes of organic macromolecules we discussed in chapter 2.

2. Biology Warm Up Chemistry Review (test today)
Write complete answers to the following without using your book or notes.
When you finish, get a book and read section 7.3
1. Copy and complete this table
Sub-atomic particle
Approximate mass (amu*)
Charge
Location in atom
proton 1
neutron -1 +1
In the nucleus
Slightly more than 1
In the nucleus
electron
1/1840 (almost nothing)
Around the nucleus
The mass of one proton is about the same as 1 amu

3. Biology Warm Up Chemistry Review (test today)
Write complete answers to the following without using your book or notes.
When you finish, get a book and read section 7.3
1. Copy and complete this table
2. What is an isotope?
Isotopes have the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons.
Do two isotopes have the same number of protons?
Always
b. Do two isotopes have the same atomic mass number?
Never
3. List the four classes of organic macromolecules we discussed in chapter 2.
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids

4. Cell Structure and Function
7.3 Movement across the cell membrane
Goals
Identify the main function of the membrane
Describe what happens during diffusion
Explain the processes of osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport

5. The Cell Membrane Functions
• Regulates what enters and leaves the cell
• Protection
• Support

6. The Cell Membrane Structure
• Bilipid layer
flexible
strong
• Protein molecules
• Carbohydrates attached to the proteins

7. The Cell Membrane Structure
Outside
of cell
Cell
membrane
Proteins
Protein
channel
Lipid bilayer
Carbohydrate
chains
Inside
of cell
(cytoplasm)

8. Osmosis Selective permeability
Some substances cannot cross biological membranes
Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

9. How Osmosis Works Hypotonic - Below Strength Cell membrane
Higher Concentration
of Water
Water molecules
Cell
membrane
Lower Concentration
of Water
Sugar molecules
Hypertonic - Above Strength

10. How Osmosis Works Hypotonic - Below Strength Cell membrane
Higher Concentration
of Water
Water molecules
Cell
membrane
Lower Concentration
of Water
Sugar molecules
Hypertonic - Above Strength

11. How Osmosis Works Hypotonic - Below Strength Cell membrane
Higher Concentration
of Water
Water molecules
Cell
membrane
Lower Concentration
of Water
Sugar molecules
Hypertonic - Above Strength

12. Osmotic Pressure
Can cause problems when water moves into hypertonic cell spaces
Bursting the cell like a balloon
Most cells are bathed in isotonic fluids like blood
Some cells actively pump out water that is forced in by osmosis

13. Biology Warm Up: Organelle Review
Make a sketch of a plant cell. Label two features that identify it as a plant cell and not an animal cell.
Without using your notes, draw and label
1. the organelle responsible for absorbing light energy and using it to convert carbon dioxide and water to high-energy sugars (photosynthesis).
2. the organelle that is responsible for converting sugars into high energy molecules. This is the powerhouse of the cell.
3. the organelle that stores the genetic information that controls cell activities. Include the name of the molecule that carries that genetic information.
4. the organelle responsible for assembling strings amino acids into proteins.

14. If you are done with your quiz
Please put your quiz aside where nobody can copy it.
Then read the entire lab on pages
Observing Cell Parts and Processes
We’ll be doing this lab next class.
Please write a complete
Procedure with materials and diagrams.
We will be doing both parts of the lab.
If you have this procedure written up when we go into the lab, you will be able to start right away next class and will be more likely to complete it before break.

15. Diffusion
Molecules tend to move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration
Equilibrium has been reached when the concentration is the same throughout the solution
Diffusion causes many substances to move across a cell membrane but does not require the cell to expend energy.

16. Facilitated Diffusion
Protein Channel
Though fast and specific, still diffusion
Requires higher concentration on one side of the membrane than on the other
Requires no energy
Glucose
molecules
High
Concentration
Cell
Membrane
Protein
channel
Low
Concentration

17. Active Transport Movement against the concentration difference
Requires input of energy
Molecule to
be carried
Low
Concentration
Cell
Membrane
High
Concentration
Molecule
being carried
Low
Concentration
Cell
Membrane
High
Concentration
Energy
Energy

18. Active Transport Movement against the concentration difference
Requires input of energy
Endocytosis Taking materials in through infoldings or pockets that break loose from the membrane and form a vacuole
Phagocytosis Engulfing large particles by endocytosis
Exocytosis Vacuole fuses with cell membrane to expel contents

19. WarmUp Osmosis/Diffusion
1. Mr. Schafer adds a drop of red food coloring to a large beaker of water. What do you expect to happen to the drop over time. Explain in terms of relative concentration of food coloring in different parts of the beaker. What word describes this phenomenon?
2. This week, you will be placing your egg into a cup of syrup. What do you think will happen? Explain in terms of relative concentration of water inside and outside of the egg. What word describes this phenomenon?
3. You will then place your egg into a cup of pure water. What do you expect to happen? Explain in terms of relative concentration of water inside and outside of the egg.
What quality of the membrane surrounding the egg makes possible the phenomenon described in questions 2 and 3?
5. Why do red blood cells burst when placed in water?

20. Diversity of Cellular Life
Describe Cell Specialization
•Identify The organization levels in multicellular organisms

21. Unicellular Organisms
Multicellular Organisms
Cells of multicellular organism do not live on their own
Cells are specialized to perform certain functions
Both prokaryotes
and eukaryotes
•everywhere
•Some unicellular organisms are colonial

22. Levels of Organizaztion
Cells
Specialized cells such as nerve cells, muscle cells depend on other specialized cells to provide their needs (food, oxygen)

23. Levels of Organizaztion
Cells
Specialized cells such as nerve cells, muscle cells depend on other specialized cells to provide their needs (food, oxygen)
2. Tissues
A group of similar cells that perform a particular funciton

24. Levels of Organizaztion
Cells
2. Tissues
A group of similar cells that perform a particular funciton
•muscle
•epithelial (skin inside and out)
•nervous
•connective (bone, blood, cartilidge, lymph)

25. Levels of Organizaztion
Cells
2. Tissues
•muscle
•epithelial (skin inside and out)
•nervous
•connective (bone, blood, cartilage, lymph)
3. Organ - several tissues working together
Each muscle is more than just muscle tissue

26. Levels of Organizaztion
Cells
2. Tissues
3. Organ - several tissues working together
Each muscle is more than just muscle tissue
4. Organ systems
Organs that work together to perform a specific function

27. Levels of Organizaztion
Cells
2. Tissues
3. Organ
4. Organ system
Organs that work together to perform a specific function

28. Levels of Organizaztion
4. Organ system
Organs that work together to perform a specific function
Muscular
Skeletal
Circulatory
Nervous
We will go through all 11 systems in unit 10

29. Levels of Organizaztion
Cells 2. Tissues
3. Organ Organ system
Smooth muscle tissue
Muscle cell
Stomach
Digestive system