1. Listening Development: A Student Centered Approach Chapter 4

2. What is listening ? b Listening is a highly complex and interactive process by which spoken language is converted to meaning in the mind.

3. Why do students need listening instruction ? b They will spend more than 50% of their lives listening b Accurate and perceptive listening abilities will minimize misunderstanding and help students to sustain satisfying and productive relationships. b Effective listening abilities will strengthen the other language arts.

4. b Without instruction many students become confused when they hear unique oral language patterns.

5. Purposes for listening b 1. To distinguish sounds b 2. To understand messages b 3. To receive information and help speakers solve problems b 4. To comprehend and evaluate what one hears b 5. To enjoy, appreciate, and respond aesthetically

6. Levels of listening ability b Level 1: It is important to assess whether the child is hearing what is said.

7. b Level 2: Auditory discrimination to discriminate between sounds and wordsto discriminate between sounds and words –Read a sentence and ask students to write the word they heard with the specified sound and another word that has the same sound –Glue small pictured in a row. Ask the student to circle the picture about the word you said.

8. Student’s discrimination abilities develop in a progression from gross distinctions to skill in detection of minute changes in tone, pitch, intonation, and volume.Student’s discrimination abilities develop in a progression from gross distinctions to skill in detection of minute changes in tone, pitch, intonation, and volume. –Use sounds, rhythms, and onomatopoeia –read aloud –read poetry

9. Students must be taught to pay attentionStudents must be taught to pay attention Perform a think- aloudPerform a think- aloud –answer question on a topic which you find interesting –gaining information to improve life –Evaluating the value to a selection –predicting the ending of, or author’s purpose in writing a selection Level 3: Attending to the message

10. Steps to becoming a good listener b 1. Try to hear the sentence that tell the subject; pick out important details b 2. Pay close attention to words that tell direction; picture in your mind the affect on the subject b 3. Listen for words that signal order; perform the order of activities in mind b 4. Picture what is being described; figure out how the details relate

11. b Bracketing- to file some thoughts away and return to think about them at a more appropriate time

12. Level 4 : Building the efferent listening skills b Behaviors used to understand speaker’s meaning, categorize information, monitor one’s own comprehension during listening, ask questions for clarification, follow sequential ideas, and take notes. Students need toStudents need to –recognize and use the order of information –ask questions of the speaker –take notes

13. –How to help students with their efferent listening –Place information in columns or categories –listening guide –conversation club –engage in activities that require following complex directions

14. Level 4: Becoming an active listener b Talk about active listening times b Guest speaker-find goal, three ideas important to goal, summarize, think of good questions to ask b radio broadcast

15. Level 6: Listening appreciatively, aesthetically and reflectively b Form mental images, make comparisons to their lives and become engrossed in the personal benefits being received b Take meaningful mental side trips

16. Listening Development Activities b Directed listening thinking activity b Using television b Language experience approach b Interviewing 12 step interview12 step interview oral historyoral history b Listening to detect propaganda

17. Auditory discrimination for bilingual students b Tongue twisters b riddles with sounds in them b jokes b word games-hink pinks, wordy gurdy

18. Internet b Requires integration of language arts to use b expose students to greater range, depth, and breadth of speakers b specialized Internet addresses

19. Other points to discuss b Rating scales b Storytelling b Purpose-posing journals b Family story projects