1. 2008 Sichuan Earthquake What is the effect on schools? What is the effect on schools?

2. Topics Quick facts Quick facts The earthquake damage The earthquake damage The effect on schools The effect on schools Bad construction Bad construction What happened to the children? What happened to the children? Physical effects Physical effects The recovery process The recovery process Precautions for future earthquakes Precautions for future earthquakes

3. Quick Facts The great Sichuan earthquake may 12 th The great Sichuan earthquake may 12 th Measured a 8.0 magnitude Measured a 8.0 magnitude 3 months before the summer Olympics 3 months before the summer Olympics USGS (using the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale) placed maximum intensity, “Very disastrous” USGS (using the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale) placed maximum intensity, “Very disastrous” Energy created by the strike of the Indian plate onto the Eurasian plate Energy created by the strike of the Indian plate onto the Eurasian plate

4. Earthquake damage

5. Killed approximately 69000 people Killed approximately 69000 people 400 000 injured 400 000 injured 4.8 million people left homeless 4.8 million people left homeless Maximum displacement amounted to 9 meters Maximum displacement amounted to 9 meters 80% of Buildings collapsed in Beichuan county 80% of Buildings collapsed in Beichuan county

6. The effect on schools Rescue workers stand with search dogs at a high school that was destroyed in the earthquakeearthquake

7. The effect on schools In Hanwang, Sichuan province, three schools were demolished during classroom sessions by the earthquake In Hanwang, Sichuan province, three schools were demolished during classroom sessions by the earthquake Another 700 students were buried in a school in Hanwang Another 700 students were buried in a school in Hanwang City of Dujiangyan City of Dujiangyan - A whole school collapsed with 900 buried and 50 dead - 8 other school toppled

8. The effects on schools In Mianyang City, seven schools collapsed, burying at least 1,700 people. In Mianyang City, seven schools collapsed, burying at least 1,700 people. At least 7,000 school buildings in Sichuan Province collapsed At least 7,000 school buildings in Sichuan Province collapsed The Juryan Middle School – Many teenagers buried (later excavated by civilians and cranes) The Juryan Middle School – Many teenagers buried (later excavated by civilians and cranes) 600 students and staff died at Juryan Elementary School 600 students and staff died at Juryan Elementary School Up to 1,300 children and teachers died at Beichuan Middle School Up to 1,300 children and teachers died at Beichuan Middle School

9. Bad Construction

10. Bad construction 7000 inadequately engineered schoolrooms collapsed 7000 inadequately engineered schoolrooms collapsed “Tofu dreg schoolhouses” “Tofu dreg schoolhouses” Local officials and builders accused of cutting corners in school construction Local officials and builders accused of cutting corners in school construction Investigation of school collapses Investigation of school collapses June 1, 2008 – Childrens day June 1, 2008 – Childrens day Protests Protests -Sichuan school teacher, was detained on June 25, 2008 for "disseminating rumors and destroying social order"

11. “Tofu Dreg schoolhouses” Builders cut corners by replacing steel rods with thin iron wires for concrete re-enforcement Builders cut corners by replacing steel rods with thin iron wires for concrete re-enforcement Using inferior grade cement, if any at all Using inferior grade cement, if any at all Using fewer bricks than they should Using fewer bricks than they should The supervising agencies did not check to see if it met the national standards The supervising agencies did not check to see if it met the national standards

12. What happened to the kids?

13. In terms of school casualties, thousands of school children died due to shoddy construction In terms of school casualties, thousands of school children died due to shoddy construction Several thousand children had no school to go to Several thousand children had no school to go to No education No education Education in the home Education in the home Change schools Change schools

14. Physical Effects

15. Executive vice Governor Wei Hong confirmed late November that 19065 identified schoolchildren died Executive vice Governor Wei Hong confirmed late November that 19065 identified schoolchildren died About 40 000 was injured About 40 000 was injured Many parents lost their only child (one child policy) Many parents lost their only child (one child policy) Local officials lifted restrictions-”illegal children” under 18 could be registered as legal replacements for parents who lost their only child Local officials lifted restrictions-”illegal children” under 18 could be registered as legal replacements for parents who lost their only child Parents were offered a package valued at 8,800 USD in cash and a per- parent pension of nearly 5,600 USD Parents were offered a package valued at 8,800 USD in cash and a per- parent pension of nearly 5,600 USD

16. Rescue effort Disaster response was rapid according to president Hu Jintao Disaster response was rapid according to president Hu Jintao Ten emergency teams sent to Sichuan Ten emergency teams sent to Sichuan 50 000 troops and police was sent to help 50 000 troops and police was sent to help Due to road damages and bad weather rescue teams and arrival of med care and help came late Due to road damages and bad weather rescue teams and arrival of med care and help came late Civilians with cranes saved a lot of people Civilians with cranes saved a lot of people Hundreds of schoolchildren excavated by civilians with cranes from Juryan Middle school Hundreds of schoolchildren excavated by civilians with cranes from Juryan Middle school

17. The recovery after an earthquake

18. Government annonced that they will spend 146.5 billions on recovering from the earthquake Government annonced that they will spend 146.5 billions on recovering from the earthquake Condolences and assistant from foreign countries Condolences and assistant from foreign countries Media attention lead to a lot of donations from individuals and associations as well as foreign countries Media attention lead to a lot of donations from individuals and associations as well as foreign countries Booths set up in schools, at banks, and around gas stations Booths set up in schools, at banks, and around gas stations Many schools have been rebuilt, but there are still hundreds of kids without a school to go to Many schools have been rebuilt, but there are still hundreds of kids without a school to go to

19. Donations and relief work Donations and relief work Housten Rockets Yoa ming gave $ 200 000 Housten Rockets Yoa ming gave $ 200 000 $ 8 000 000 million collected total $ 8 000 000 million collected total Relief work Relief work - Flew 557 tents and 2,500 quilts valued at $ 113 000 Food/Drinks/tents/clothes Food/Drinks/tents/clothes Blood donations Blood donations Shelter Shelter

20. Precautions for a future earthquake

21. Precautions for future earthquakes Safety checks are to be carried out at schools across China Safety checks are to be carried out at schools across China Improved construction standards for primary and middle schools in rural areas Improved construction standards for primary and middle schools in rural areas Safety program Earthquake drills Earthquake drills Resource person Resource person Discussion and projects Discussion and projects Seismic hazard reduction Seismic hazard reduction Response plan Response plan