11. Symbolism is when the author uses an object or reference to add deeper meaning to a story. Symbolism in literature can be: -subtle or obvious -used sparingly or heavily. It is also when an object, item, word, symbol has a deeper meaning and “symbolizes” something else.

12. Allegory is a device in which characters or events represent or symbolize ideas and concepts. A simple answer to this question is that allegory is a way of explaining things which cannot easily be explained, by telling a story which has a deeper meaning.

17. Animal Farm by George Orwell The Neverending Story by Michael Ende The Old Man in the Sea by Ernest Heminway Lord of the Flies by William Golding The Giving Tree by Shel Silverstein Redwall by Brian Jacques …to name a few.

25. "An author cannot of course remain wholly unaffected by his experience…” In regard to the The Hobbit and The Lord of the Ring though: "It is neither allegorical nor topical.... I cordially dislike allegory in all its manifestations, and always have done so since I grew old and wary enough to detect its presence."

26. The Shire probably represents England. Sauron, Smaug and the orcs might represent the Nazis. Mordor and The Lonely Mountain might represent Germany. All lands far in the east where a great evil lies, as Germany is to England. The Battle of the Five Armies may be representative of the Super Powers involved in the world wars. …but who knows?