1. Day 5 Wires

2. Why wire? Conducts Electricity and directs it to a location. Cheap! Easy to run

3. Quality of wire Thickness/materials of wire dictates how much resistance it will create –This gives us signal loss & noise –AWG (American Wire Gauge) Smaller numbers are fatter. Cat 5 = 24AWG Home wiring 12AWG

4. UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair –Pair = 2 wires –Twisted means they are…twisted –Unshielded means no tin foil

5. Pairs Today’s data networks require 2 pairs to transmit data. –2 wires to send –2 wires to receive Hence network cable must have at least 2 pairs. –Typically they now have 4 pairs (8 wires) because we don’t know what new technology will come out later.

6. Cats Category of wire 1.No longer used 2.No longer used 3.Telephone wire, capable of 10Mb for 100M 4.No longer used 5.Standard network cable, capable of 1GB for 100M 5e. 1GB for 100M 6.1GB for 100M 7.10GB for 100M (Shielded)

7. Creating a Patch Cable A standard patch cable will have the same wire colors on each end: –White/Orange, Orange, White/Green, Blue, White/Blue, Green, White/Brown, Brown. –Orange is transmit (white/orange +) –Green Receive (white/green +) A “Cross Over” cable will have the above schema on one end of the cable, and a different one on the second end. –White/Green, Green, White/Orange, White/Brown, Brown, Orange, Blue, White/Blue –For 10 or 100 MB it is sufficient to put the green and orange wires. For GB you need all 4 pairs.

8. RJ45, RJ11 RJ45 is the name of the ends used in today’s networks RJ11 is a phone end Sockets are sold as RJ11 or RJ45 depending on your need. –Typically called keystone jacks, used on multi-outlet faceplates. –Are also sold as individual face plates

9. Coaxial Very well shielded Lower loss Harder to work with Ends are either Coax Ends or BNC connectors. Used for video because of bandwidth, sometimes used in LANs –Fading away in favor of Cat5 & Fiber.

10. Fiber Single Optical fiber can only transmit data in 1 direction at a time. Hence 2 are needed to make a connection.

11. Fiber Advantages Advantages –High bandwidth capabilities –Low signal loss –Security Disadvantages –Difficult to put ends on, connect –Cost –Can be broken if pulled on etc.

12. Light Source LED –Cheap, easy. –Lower data rates, more light loss Laser –Very focused, low loss, high speed.

13. Bandwidth Fiber optics can be used to transmit data over 100 miles without repeaters In theory can be used to transmit data at 100Tb/s –Today you can buy 10Gbps network gear Probably maxes out around 3Gb