1. Cells

2. Cell Discovery 1665 Robert Hooke: Around the time of Newton
discovered the cell
Saw dead cells of a cork plant
Called them cells because they related to his ‘cell’

3. Cell Discovery 1673
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
Saw first live cell

4. Cell Theory 150 Years Later
All living things are composed of one or more cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism
Cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells

5. Cell Diversity 200 different types of cells in our body
Most are microscopic
Few can be seen without a microscope
Frog egg cells
Giraffe nerve cell in leg (2 meters long)

6. Shape Determines Function!!
Cell Shapes
Why are cells shaped differently?
Shape Determines Function!!

7. Cell Shapes What does a nerve cell look like?
How does a skin cell appear?

8. Shape Determines Function!!
Cell Shapes
What about a white blood cell?
Why??
Shape Determines Function!!

9. Internal Organization
Cells have structures called organelles
Perform specific functions in the cell
Like miniature organs

10. Why are Cells so Small? Surface area to volume ratio!!
As a cell gets larger, it adds volume faster than it adds surface area
(In English) The bigger the inside, the less area there is on the outside for stuff to pass through
Modeling Activity

11. Animal Cell Organelles Taken from www.cellsalive.com
Nucleus: Brain
Control center of the cell
Surrounded by 2 membranes
DNA found here

12. Animal Cell Organelles
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Smooth & Rough
Smooth ER
Lacks Ribosomes
Synthesizes fats
Rough ER
Contains ribosomes
Synthesizes proteins

13. Animal Cell Organelles
Golgi Apparatus (golgi body): UPS Center
Packages and transports moleules

14. Animal Cell Organelles
Lysosomes: Police force & Recycle Center
Digest invaders (such as bacteria)
Recycle materials from old organelles

15. Animal Cell Organelles
Mitochondrion: Power house
Provide the cell with energy
ATP important here
Surrounded by 2 membranes

16. Animal Cell Organelles
Cytosol: Soup of the cell
“Bathes” other organelles with nutrients
Cell membrane: Gatekeeper
Controls what goes in or out of the cell

20. Plant Cell Organelles Vacuole: Landfill & Scaffolding
Stores water, chemicals, and wastes
Important in plant rigidity

21. Plant Cell Organelles Chloroplasts: Photosynthesis factories
Photosynthesis occurs here
Gives plants their green color
Surrounded by 2 membranes

22. Plant Cell Organelles Cell wall: Shape & Protection
Provides plants with their shape (no bones)
Protects the plant (no skin)

27. Prokaryote Cell Organelles
Single Cell
Cell wall
No nucleus
Nuclear region
No membrane bound organelles