1. 1 Changes in the South: Formerly Plantation Economy (Large farms producing one crop) Formerly Plantation Economy (Large farms producing one crop) shift away from rural farm economy shift away from rural farm economy growth of industry, prompted by low wages, cheap land, laws growth of industry, prompted by low wages, cheap land, laws substantial immigration from Latin America substantial immigration from Latin America Bilingual- ability to speak two languages Bilingual- ability to speak two languages urbanization urbanization Section 2 Regions of the United States

2. 2 Influence of the Western environment: abundant minerals fueled mining economy abundant minerals fueled mining economy Nevada- leading state for gold mining Nevada- leading state for gold mining natural beauty stimulates tourism natural beauty stimulates tourism California agriculture based on irrigation California agriculture based on irrigation Modern day Economy based on service related Technology Modern day Economy based on service related Technology Silicone Valley- area that is built for and focuses on computer technology. Silicone Valley- area that is built for and focuses on computer technology. Section 2 Regions of the United States

3. 3 Changes in cities and Rural Areas: shift of population and business from center cities to suburbs shift of population and business from center cities to suburbs Invention of the Auto gave rise to the Suburbs Invention of the Auto gave rise to the Suburbs Invention of the Airplane during the 20 th century reduced barriers to travel and migration Invention of the Airplane during the 20 th century reduced barriers to travel and migration Many are relocating from Northeast to the South or West Many are relocating from Northeast to the South or West Use of Sat. Technology to monitor commercial crops Use of Sat. Technology to monitor commercial crops some gentrification in inner cities, forcing out low- income residents some gentrification in inner cities, forcing out low- income residents Section 3 Geographic Issues

4. 4 Global economy: reliance on world trade reliance on world trade Trade deficit- imports more than exports Trade deficit- imports more than exports shifting emphasis from tariff protections to free trade shifting emphasis from tariff protections to free trade pros and cons of free trade agreements (e.g., NAFTA) pros and cons of free trade agreements (e.g., NAFTA) North American Free Trade Agreement North American Free Trade Agreement Includes the US, Mexico, and Canada Includes the US, Mexico, and Canada 1994- since signing of agreement trade has boomed. 1994- since signing of agreement trade has boomed. Reduces trade restrictions Reduces trade restrictions Increases flow of goods Increases flow of goods Increases flow of services and people Increases flow of services and people Section 3 Geographic Issues

5. 5 US- Super Power Location Characteristics Location Characteristics Oceans on all sides Oceans on all sides Hospitable climates Hospitable climates Water and Mineral Resources, Arable Land Water and Mineral Resources, Arable Land Cultural Characteristics Cultural Characteristics Permissible society (Democracy) Permissible society (Democracy) Representative Govt.- elected by popular vote Representative Govt.- elected by popular vote Free to pursue dreams Free to pursue dreams Opportunities for everyone Opportunities for everyone Economic Characteristics Economic Characteristics Free Enterprise- promotes incentives Free Enterprise- promotes incentives Capitalism inspires innovation Capitalism inspires innovation US economy has heavy influence on the world US economy has heavy influence on the world