2. Political Spectrum

4. Free countries around the world??

5. Free countries around the world 90 countries (47%) are considered democratic. 3.0 billion * The people enjoy a broad range of rights. 58 countries (30%) are considered partly democratic. 1.1 billion * The people have limited political rights and civil liberties because of problems with corruption, dominant ruling parties, or with ethnic or religious fighting. 45 countries (23%) are considered not democratic. 2.4 billion * The people are denied most basic political rights and civil liberties. * Nearly 1/3 live in China! * Why does this list say that China is not a free country?

6. Ranking: 1 Andorra Australia Austria Bahamas Barbados Belgium Canada Cape Verde Chile Costa Rica Cyprus Czech Rep. Denmark Dominica Estonia Finland France Germany Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kiribati Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Marshall Islands Micronesia Nauru Netherlands New Zealand Norway Palau Poland Portugal St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia San Marino Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Tuvalu United Kingdom United States Uruguay Ranking: 1.5 Belize Bulgaria Ghana Greece Grenada Israel Japan Mauritius Monaco Panama St. Vincent and the Grenadines South Korea Ranking: 2 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Benin Botswana Brazil Croatia Dominican Republic Mali Mongolia Namibia Romania Samoa São Tomé and Príncipe South Africa Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Vanuatu Ranking: 2.5 El Salvador Guyana India Indonesia Jamaica Lesotho Mexico Peru Senegal Serbia Ukraine FREE COUNTRIES (1 = Most free / 7 = Least free)

7. PARTLY FREE Ranking: 3 Albania Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Colombia Ecuador Georgia Honduras Kenya Macedonia Malaysia Montenegro Nicaragua Niger Papua New Guinea Paraguay Philippines Seychelles Turkey Ranking: 3.5 Comoros East Timor Guatemala Liberia Madagascar Malawi Moldova Mozambique Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Tanzania Zambia Ranking: 4 Bangladesh Burkina Faso Guinea-Bissau Kuwait Malaysia Nigeria Sri Lanka Tonga Venezuela Ranking: 4.5 Armenia Burundi Central African Republic Gambia Haiti Jordan Kyrgyzstan Lebanon Mauritania Morocco Nepal Singapore Uganda Ranking: 5 Afghanistan Bahrain Djibouti Ethiopia Fiji Gabon Yemen

8. NOT FREE Ranking: 5.5 Algeria Angola Azerbaijan Bhutan Brunei Cambodia Congo, Dem. Rep. of Congo, Rep. of Egypt Guinea Kazakhstan Maldives Oman Pakistan Qatar Russia Rwanda Tajikistan Thailand Togo Tunisia United Arab Emirates Ranking: 6 Cameroon Chad Iran Iraq Swaziland Vietnam Ranking: 6.5 Belarus China Côte d'Ivoire Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Laos Saudi Arabia Syria Zimbabwe Ranking: 7 Cuba Libya Myanmar (Burma) North Korea Somalia Sudan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan

9. Political Spectrum To insert your company logo on this slide From the Insert Menu Select “Picture” Locate your logo file Click OK To resize the logo Click anywhere inside the logo. The boxes that appear outside the logo are known as “resize handles.” Use these to resize the object. If you hold down the shift key before using the resize handles, you will maintain the proportions of the object you wish to resize.

10. The Political Spectrum – Definition - is a way of putting political ideologies and political parties on a line. It is a useful tool for political analysis. The centre is associated with the democratic form of government. The extreme ends of the line on both the right and the left are totalitarian.

11. Read Page 255 – Political Parties

12. The Political Spectrum (traditional model)

13. Political Ideology - Definition: common set of beliefs or ideas of an individual, or group.

14. Political Spectrum Chart Left WingCentreRight Wing -more liberal - can take either side-more conservative -support change in order to improve welfare of all citizens -tradition is important but change is supported if most people want it -tradition is important and change should be treated with caution -government should play a larger role in people's lives (Ex. social services) -government should play a role only if it improves the lives of citizens -government should play a smaller role in people’s lives -law and order are important to protect rights of all citizens fairly and equally -law and order are important to encourage and protect right of individuals -emphasis of law and order to protect society and its traditions -more freedom to individuals and less power to police -less freedom to individuals and more power to police

15. Communism Socialism Capitalism Fascism Left Wing Centre Right Wing The Larger Political Spectrum Government owns and controls the land and the means of production. Government owns and controls key industries while allowing some private enterprise. Government plays a minimal role in directing the economy. Private corporations enjoy many freedoms. Government allows free enterprise but only when it furthers the goals of the state (the gov’t). Radical Moderate Radical

16. Communism Socialism Capitalism Fascism Left Wing Centre Right Wing The Larger Political Spectrum Radical Moderate Radical

17. Communism Socialism Capitalism Fascism Left Wing Centre Right Wing The Larger Political Spectrum Radical Moderate Radical

18. Communism Socialism Capitalism Fascism Left Wing Centre Right Wing The Larger Political Spectrum Radical Moderate Radical

19. Communism Socialism Capitalism Fascism Left Wing Centre Right Wing The Larger Political Spectrum Radical Moderate Radical

20. Communism Socialism Capitalism Fascism Left Wing Centre Right Wing The Larger Political Spectrum Radical Moderate Radical

21. Communism Socialism Capitalism Fascism Left Wing Centre Right Wing The Larger Political Spectrum Radical Moderate Radical

22. Communism Socialism Capitalism Fascism Left Wing Centre Right Wing The Larger Political Spectrum Radical Moderate Radical

23. Communism Socialism Capitalism Fascism Left Wing Centre Right Wing The Larger Political Spectrum Radical Moderate Radical

24. The Larger Political Spectrum Government takes control by force and controls media, discourages religion. Citizens have little freedom. Government believes in a hierarchical society, militarism, and limits citizens freedoms. SocialismCapitalism FascismCommunism Totalitarianism Dictatorship

25. Canada’s Political Spectrum NDPLiberalsConservatives Reform/ Canadian Alliance (Recently joined Conservatives) CommunismSocialism Democratic Socialism CapitalismFascism The Canadian Political Spectrum

26. Political Parties in Canada Canada has political parties at both the federal and provincial levels of government.

27. National Political Parties and the Political Spectrum

28. The Political Spectrum

29. Totalitarianism Definition: a state regulates nearly every aspect of public and private life. Found at the extreme ends of the political spectrum on both the right and the left. The state exercises total control in this form of government. The individual exists to serve the state. Communism (far left) and Fascism (far right) of the political spectrum.

30. The Political Spectrum (The Left Wing)

31. The Political Spectrum (left) Supports economic equality, change and progress in society Socialism and the Social Democratic parties are located on the left inside and around the circle The extreme left is associated with Communism Where does China fit today?

32. Communism Definition: An economic system characterized by the collective ownership of property and by the organization of labour for the common advantage of all members. The government plans and controls the economy and a single party holds power, claiming to make progress toward a higher social order in which all goods are equally shared by the people.

33. Bolshevik’s – 1917 communist revolution in Russia under Vladimir Lenin All means of production (factories & farms) and distribution (railway & roads) were publically (government) owned. No private or individual ownership of business or land. Karl Marx wrote the ‘Communist Manifesto’ in which he indicated that economic equality would only be achieved after a violent revolution. (Anti-Capitalism) China became a communist country in 1949.

34. Socialism Believe in economic equality but only if it can be achieved through voting. Democratic socialist political parties can be found in most modern democratic countries, including Canada. What party in Canada believes in socialism?

35. The Political Spectrum (Centre to Right Wing)

36. The Political Spectrum (right) Supports tradition and opposes change in society. The extreme right is associated with Fascism. Because the beliefs of conservatism and liberalism are democratic they are located inside the circle.

37. Fascism Began in Italy in 1922 with the regime of Benito Mussolini. In Germany the National Socialist Party came to power in 1933. This was a backward looking political philosophy which stressed militarism and racial purity.

38. Communism Socialism Capitalism Fascism Left Wing Centre Right Wing The Political Spectrum Government owns and controls the land and the means of production. Government owns and controls key industries while allowing some private enterprise. Government plays a minimal role in directing the economy. Private corporations enjoy many freedoms. Government allows free enterprise but only when it furthers the goals of the government. Radical Moderate (Liberalism) Radical