1. 在知識建構與分享環境中發展概念覺察 Developing Conceptual Awareness in a Knowledge Construction and Sharing Environment Department of Information Communication, Yuan Ze University ( 元智資訊傳播系 ) Gloria Yi Ming Kao ( 高宜敏 ) gloriakao@gmail.com

2. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 2/31 Outline Introduction Creative thinking with ICMSys Future extension

3. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 3/31 Shrek (by Dreamworks) Once upon a time in a land not so far, far away…History was made shrek.mpg

4. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 4/31 Shrek Information & Knowledge construction Disney cartoon: what have we learned? A very evil stepmother A brave and charming prince saves a sweet princess and they live happily ever after A very evil stepmother A brave and charming prince saves a sweet princess and they live happily ever after

5. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 5/31 Prince CharmingGentle Traditional fairy tale … Shrek Prince charming Ogre Ugly Shrek’s screenplay (1/2) Competitor UglyBraveEvil Creative thinking Creative thinking make sense? Princess-saving

6. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 6/31 Prince CharmingPalace A king-sized beddelicacies A fairy tale … Little Red riding hood Little RedBig Wolf Bed ? Shrek’s screenplay (2/2) Creative thinking Creative thinking

7. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 7/31 Outline Introduction Creative thinking with ICMSys Future extension

8. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 8/31 Breaking concept boundaries to enhance creative potential Avoid "habitual thinking" and embrace "creative thinking" (Ford, 1996; Finke, Ward, & Smith, 1992) Self-awareness by self disclosure, peer feedbacks avoid imaginary self Aware of virtual conceptual boundaries visualization

9. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 9/31 Self-awareness-> creative potential (1/2) As Burleson (2005) observes, awareness and reflective technologies can be instrumental in developing meta-cognitive skills that enhance learning, expertise, creativity, and self- actualization Selker’s (2005) suggestion that productive and non-intrusive interfaces allow individuals to focus on creative tasks

10. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 10/31 Self-awareness-> creative potential (2/2) Enhancing conceptual awareness alone may not result in more creative products, but instead serve as an initial step for achieving greater creative potential Human tendency is to think within concept boundaries constrained by personal backgrounds, educations, living environments, etc. The goal is to use various concepts or leads generated by peers to stimulate creative associations to avoid inflexibility in utilizing prior knowledge

11. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 11/31 Externalize ideas (1/3) Concept map (Novak & Gowin, 1984) a diagram showing the relationships among concepts Users internally reconstruct concepts and consider ways of visually representing their conceptual structures Leaf OxygenWater needs

12. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 12/31 Externalize ideas (2/3) Media Paper & pencil, computer supported environment, interactive tabletop CmapTools.mpeg

13. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 13/31 Externalize ideas (3/3) Forms personal concept map, group concept map, … Group concept map’s drawbacks hitchhiking and dominance tendencies Integrated Concept Map System (ICMSys) externalize all users’ viewpoints facilitate individual awareness of concept boundaries

14. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 14/31 Self awareness

15. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 15/31 Concept boundaries Virtual concept boundaries are detectable when students become aware of conceptual differences between their own and integrated concept maps Initial unaware zones are reduced while students’ conceptual awareness levels are increased

16. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 16/31 Concept boundaries

17. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 17/31 ICMSys design principles (1/2) Certain default concept words Concept word lists are expanded in runtime Lexical database for the targeted subject ICMSys takes synonyms into account when integrating similar terms Individual’s work as default for integration Numbers next to concepts: frequency

18. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 18/31 ICMSys design principles (2/2) 3 Proposition integration categories two propositions are completely identical 1 1 2 2 3 3

19. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 19/31 Alternative integration approaches Users decide to accept the concept word integration or not for flexibility An expert system behind the ICMSys provides the flexibility to adjust the rules of merging maps …

20. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 20/31 Study procedure Participants 32 information management freshmen enrolled in a computer hardware course Course content focused on (but was not limited to) basic computer infrastructure, PC components, and storage processes Instructor explained to students/experts the concept mapping technique, concept map assessment criteria, and how to use the ICMSys Three experts as concept map quality raters

21. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 21/31 Study research framework Q1. Can learner conceptual self-awareness be promoted using the ICMSys? Q1. Can learner conceptual self-awareness be promoted using the ICMSys? Q2. Do revised concept maps contain evidence of conceptual improvements? Q2. Do revised concept maps contain evidence of conceptual improvements? Q3. Does ICMap viewing frequency affect the level of conceptual self-awareness? Q3. Does ICMap viewing frequency affect the level of conceptual self-awareness? Q4. Do students with higher levels of conceptual self-awareness make better quality and larger numbers of improvements when redrawing their concept maps? Q4. Do students with higher levels of conceptual self-awareness make better quality and larger numbers of improvements when redrawing their concept maps? #1 Conceptual self-awareness #1 Conceptual self-awareness #2 Conceptual self-awareness #2 Conceptual self-awareness

22. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 22/31 Does the ICMSys promote conceptual self-awareness?

23. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 23/31 ICMSys promote conceptual self-awareness in…

24. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 24/31 Does the ICMSys help learners make positive conceptual changes? Inter-rater reliability (original maps: W = 0.82, p < 0.01; revised maps: W = 0.73, p < 0.01)

25. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 25/31 Does ICMap viewing frequency affect conceptual self-awareness level? ICMap viewing frequency (group 1 = high and group 2 = low)

26. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 26/31 A correlation between conceptual self- awareness level in the revised map and conceptual improvements? A significant Pearson correlation was found (r = 0.38, p < 0.05)

27. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 27/31 Contribution Use information technology wisely to facilitate learning and enhance creativity potential Occasion: Conceptual understanding, design task

28. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 28/31 Outline Introduction Creative thinking with ICMSys Future extension

29. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 29/31 Pervasive computing (1/2) TouchLight.mpeg

30. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 30/31 Pervasive computing (2/2) PlayAnywhere 2005.mpeg

31. 2009/5/1 發展概念覺察 高宜敏 31/31 Thank you ！ Q & A