1. AIR QUALITY & AIR QUALITY INDICES A WORLD APART? Frank de Leeuw AQ EIONET workshop 17-18 October 2005, Vilnius

2. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 2 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005

3. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 3 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 What is an Air Quality Index?? Index (according to the Concise Oxford Dictionary): forefinger list of books forbidden to Roman Catholics, or to be read by them only in expurgated editions quantity indicating relative level of prices or wages at a particular date compared with that at a date taken as standard

4. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 4 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 What is an Air Quality Index?? A numerical relation expressing the relative levels of air quality in a region derived from air quality measurements at specific locations in that region, frequently used to inform the public on air quality. It is as old as automatic measurements: –Paris, daily bulletin on ozone levels at 12 stations (Sainte- Claire Deville Ch. Comptes Rendus 69, 99-101, 1869); –Ontario (Shenfield L., J. Air Pollution Control Assoc. 20, 612,1970)

5. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 5 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Comparing different approaches index12345678910 rating exellentvery good fairly good Mode rate poorvery poor badvery badhorrible Index 1. sehr gut 2. gut 3. befriedigend 4. ausreichend 5. slecht 6. sehr slecht

6. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 6 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 The common principles: based on short-term health-related targets and/or information and alert levels the worst wins (TSP) (near) on-line information; hourly/daily update applicable in forecast mode

7. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 7 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Drawbacks No relation between AQI-value and pollutant mix Health effects of pollutants not comparable Long-term health effects not considered Assessment of long-term changes in air quality

8. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 8 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Classes, colours, names index12345678910 rating exellentvery good fairly good Mode rate poorvery poor badvery badhorrible Index 1. sehr gut 2. gut 3. befriedigend 4. ausreichend 5. slecht 6. sehr slecht

9. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 9 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Overview of AQIs

10. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 10 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Class boundaries ozone

11. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 11 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Class boundaries PM10

12. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 12 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Class boundaries NO2

13. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 13 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Comparing the AQIs 10 station from AirBase, 2003 data 4 + 1 traffic 4 (sub)urban background 1 rural background

14. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 14 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Madrid, traffic station

15. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 15 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Prague-traffic; London background

16. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 16 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Comparison at daily base

17. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 17 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005 Conclusions Similar concepts but widely different implementation resulting sometimes in conflicting information while blaming different pollutants although correlation is good. Index values sensitive for choice of PM10 correction factors? CO and SO2 of minor importance

18. AQ Indices, Frank de Leeuw 18 10th AQ EIONET, Vilnius, 17/18-10-2005