1. 50 years of global seismology: USGS Albuquerque Seismological Lab

2. GSN ANSS The WWSSN  100+ analog station network 1962-1996  Provided data for monitoring nuclear tests and seismological research  Contributed to fundamental observations to plate tectonics

3. GSN ANSS GSN

4. ANSS Iceland KNTN - Kanton Island KOWA - Mali SAML - Brazil QSPA - South Pole Station examples ENH - China

5. GSN ANSS Then and now Shallow seismic vaults

6. GSN ANSS Then and now System assembly

7. GSN ANSS Then and now Repair and testing

8. GSN ANSS Then and now Instrument shop

9. GSN ANSS Then and now Instrument testing

10. GSN ANSS Then and now Data Quality Control

11. GSN ANSS Instrumentation Wish List Low power  Locations are often very remote Light weight  Carrying heavy equipment long distances makes field engineers grumpy Modular  Useful to be able to send individual components Remote diagnostics  Improved tools for troubleshooting sensors & data acquisition units And …. inexpensive (Budgets are tight!)

12. GSN ANSS Instrumentation Wish List Observational capabilities - sensors GSN requires very broadband, low noise sensor  360 s to 50 Hz  Below GSN low-noise model 0.0005 to 10 Hz Currently use two sensors to cover the band of interest  Increases expense … but provides a backup Some options for vault sensors on the horizon Need improved borehole sensor performance

13. GSN ANSS Exciting developments Metrozet surface vault sensor Quanterra STS-2.5 deployed in a borehole UCSD iSeis

14. GSN ANSS Instrumentation Wish List Observational capabilities – dataloggers Option for 9- and 12- channel systems Wider range of calibration frequencies Robust telemetry support  Including TCP/IP  Developments with Linux boxes are interesting … but may create IT security issues 4 Q330s at QSPA

15. GSN ANSS Instrumentation Pet Peeves Cables and connectors Reduce leakage  Need better sealed connectors Improve reliability  Recent experience with a spate of bad cables (manufacturer-made) Increase flexibility  Many cables are extremely stiff Thoughtful connector location  Some locations are better for borehole/post installation; others for surface sensor

16. GSN ANSS Instrumentation Pet Peeves Sensor orientation/leveling Ease of orientation  Many different approaches: rods, feet, alignment pins –Success depends on application  Some are easier than others – standardization desirable  Add a North-finding capability (export allowable)? Manufacturers need to specify accuracy: –Of axis orientation with respect to marks on the case –Of vertical orientation when the leveling bubble is centered

17. GSN ANSS Instrumentation Pet Peeves Accuracy of sensitivity & transfer function Manufacturers should specify accuracy  We have found problems with a number of sensors! Retrievable parameters Manufacturer name, model number, serial number, and factory calibration parameters sufficient to reconstruct the sensitivity and transfer function of that particular sensor and/or data acquisition unit