2. CELLS Organization of Living Organisms

3. Lesson 1 Cell Theory

4. Do Now Cell theory, scientists and cell types worksheet

5. Hooke English philosopher Used primitive microscopes under coarse adjustment to view specimens. Coined the term “cell” in the 1600’s

6. LEUWENHOEK Anton Von Leuwenhoek studied pond water to observe its living contents SCHLEIDEN & SCHWANN Mattias Schleiden and Theodore Schwann determined the first point of the cell theory: All organisms are made up of cells

7. Cell Theory 1.ALL organisms are made of one or more cells 2.The cell is the basic unit of structure and function of living things 3.ALL cells arise from preexisting cells

8. Cells specialize and are grouped into tissues  Different tissues combine to form organs  Several organs form systems to carry out life functions

9. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic SmallSimple No nucleus (DNA/RNA float in cell) GrowReproduce Respond to environment Ex: bacteria LargeComplex Have nucleus (contains DNA/RNA) Have organelles GrowReproduce Respond to environment Ex: plants, animals, fungi, insects etc

10. Cells = The basic structure of life! Cells have specific structures that perform specific jobs called ORGANELLES Organelles are floating in the jellylike substances in the cell called CYTOPLASM

11. In class assignment

12. Homework Cell Theory Worksheet

13. Lesson 2 Organelles

14. Do Now Review 2 Worksheet - Cells

15. Organelles 1.Nucleus 2.Mitochondria 3.Vacuoles 4.Ribosomes 5.Endoplasmic Reticulum 6.Lysosome 7.Golgi Body 8.Cell Membrane 9.Chloroplast 10.Cell Wall 11.Cilia 12.Flagellum 13.Centriole

16. Nucleus “Control Center” - Large structure - Controls cell metabolism metabolism - Stores genetic information (DNA) in chromosomes chromosomes Nucleolus – subunit of the nucleus makes ribosomes

17. Mitochondria “Powerhouse” - Pod shaped with enzymes that extract energy from nutrients by cellular respiration using O2 - Generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate) ENERGY - Double membrane folds called Cristae

18. Vacuoles Storage sacs that contain wastes, water or food, some pump out excess H20 (contractile) Large central vacuole in plants holds H20

19. Ribosomes Site of protein building – tiny structures Some are attached to membranes (endoplasmic reticulum) others just float in the cytoplasm of the cell

20. Endoplasmic Reticulum System of channels through the cell – communication and transport - Smooth ER: no ribosomes - Rough ER: has ribosomes

21. Lysosome Contain digestive enzymes “suicide sacs” Join with vacuoles to break down food – If the lysosome ruptures or breaks the cell will die

22. Golgi Body Packages secretions and transports materials, which are then carried in vesicles through the cytoplasm to other parts of the cell, or are are excreted from the cell

23. In class assignment Color Plant and Animal Cells

24. Homework “Worksheet - Organelles

25. Lesson 3 Plant vs. Animal Cells

26. Do Now Brain Pop vocabulary worksheet

27. Chloroplast Only found in plant cells and some protists  site of photosynthesis (making food) - Capture light energy and convert to usable energy

28. Cell Wall Rigid outside wall around plant cells (cellulose)

29. Centrioles Tubules in animal cells used to hold and move chromosomes

30. Cilia Short hairlike structures

31. Flagellum Long hairlike structures

32. Plant vs. Animal PLANTS 1. 1.Chloroplast 2. 2.Cell Wall 3. 3.Large Vacuole ANIMAL 1. 1.Centrioles

33. In class assignment Plant vs. Animal Lab

34. Homework Complete lab Cells Research and Design Worksheet

35. Lesson 4 Cell Membrane

36. Do Now Brain Pop Worksheet “Cells”

37. Cell Membrane Thin structure that surround the cell – composed of lipids and proteins

38. Important functions of the Cell Membrane 1. Separates contents of cell from outside environment 2. Controls which molecules enter and leave the cell (selective barrier) 3. Recognize and respond to chemical signals with “receptor” molecules  allow interactions between cells

39. Fluid/Semi-permeable Membrane Receptor molecules used between nerve cells and at sites where hormones work - Molecules are transported across the cell membrane by 2 means

40. In class assignment Create a Plasma Membrane

41. Homework

42. Lesson 5 Molecular Transport

43. Do Now Complete Chapter 9 worksheet – Homeostasis and the Plasma Membrane

44. Diffusion Move from HIGH to LOW concentration directly through membrane simple diffusion no energy needed help through a protein channel facilitated diffusion (with help) no energy needed HIGH LOW

45. DIFFUSION Collisions between molecules cause them to continually spread apart Movement occurs until molecules are equally distributed = EQUILIBRIUM

46. Simple vs. facilitated diffusion inside cell outside cell lipid inside cell outside cell H2OH2O simple diffusionfacilitated diffusion H2OH2O protein channel

47. Active Transport Movement of molecules from low to high concentration (riding a bike uphill) Must use ENERGY or ATP to move molecules Move in and out until the molecules reach EQUALIBRIUM

48. In class assignment Transport Demonstration

49. Homework Movement across a membrane worksheet

50. Lesson 6 Osmosis

51. Do Now Osmosis Worksheet

52. Osmosis Diffusion of WATER across a cell membrane High to low concentration Cells are 98% water and 2% dissolved minerals

53. Osmosis If the liquid that surrounds the cell has the same concentration of water as the cytoplasm no net diffusion occurs in either direction (molecules move at equal rates) If the water concentration is low and solute is high the cell membrane will shrink If the water concentration is high and solute is low the cell membrane will expand.. Cell will burst

54. Osmosis If the liquid outside of the cell has a high concentration of water (less solute) than the cytoplasm, water will diffuse into the cell If the liquid outside of the cell has a lower concentration of water (more solute) than the cytoplasm water will diffuse out of the cell

55. Keeping Water Balance Cell survival depends on balancing water uptake & water loss

56. In class assignment Diffusion, Osmosis, and Cell Transport Worksheet

57. Homework Practice Exam

58. Lesson 7 Review

59. In class assignment Review Question Worksheet Practice Regents Questions