1. Current Issues of Information Security in Japanese Society Yukihiro FURUSE Visiting Professor, Center for Global Communications, International University of Japan

2. Outline Outlook of Information Age in Japan Analysis of ICT as Social Tools Structures of Risks With ICT Open Architecture Dilemma

3. Outlook of Information Age in Japan What is “Information Age?”  Key points: 1. Connectivity to the computer network, specially to the Internet. 2. Bandwidth of each person’s channel for information sending, uploading, and broadcasting.  in Japan Year 1996 might be the taking off year to the Information Age.  Explosion of WWW sites and connections.

4. Analysis of ICT as Social Tools Tools Tank, FighterTrain, BusPrivate carICT OwnerNationCompany or Nation Citizens Relationship with citizens IsolatedSeparatedInvolved Based RulesLawLaw and regulation Law (police)Almost none, and no license Maintenance100% by Professionals Almost 100% by Professionals Almost 100% by Themselves Socialized Specialized

5. Structures of Risks With ICT Structure 1  Socialized, but not sophisticated ICT tools bring many trouble to people. Computer virus, Spam mail, HDD’s going out of order, etc. People have to maintain the ICT tools by themselves, even it needs specialized knowledge. Structure 2  Efficiency based system design causes big trouble when some bad person operates. It seems that computer related people tend to estimate system by its efficiency, though the damage will be bigger if the system is designed only for efficiency.

6. Structure of Risks With ICT Structure 3  ICT empowers people to broadcast, publish without any license. Even the child can publish something to the world. Structure 4  ICT enable people to trace someone’s private action. People have to protect by themselves with specialized knowledge.

7. Beyond The Risks of ICT We have to recognize that ICT tools are socialized, but not sophisticated.  Have to think about how control the ICT using people. Law? Regulation? License?

8. Open Architecture Dilemma Open architecture of PC and the Internet  Reason why PC and the Internet grow rapidly.  Also reason why computer virus exploded. Dilemma at the company  Information section wants to control user terminal. Same operating system, application such as Outlook express.  Users want to use them freely. Want to install various software, but no authority…

9. Controlled OperationNot Controlled Operation Closed SystemLow performance No risk Low learning costs Low performance Low risk Middle learning costs Open SystemMiddle performance Middle risk Middle learning costs High performance High risk High learning costs* * It will be the big problem for us to use ICT tools if we can not stop risk and costs increase under not controlled operation with open system.