1. Foundations of Government

2. Individuals Founding Fathers looked back to individual philosophers and their work What did they like and dislike about ideas on government?

3. Socrates “Question Authority” –Don’t overthrow, rise up against, but simply question “Why”

4. Plato Student of Socrates Wrote the Republic –Centerpiece of our government –“Republic” in our government???

5. Aristotle Student of Plato Came up with “Democracy”

6. Rousseau Believed people must give up rights to the community –Agree to set up a “contract” Democratic form of government Few persons under the control of the general will of the whole –Maintain freedoms and control No single form of government is best

7. Hobbes Believed humans are evil and selfish Humans will pursue power and possessions Must have a Powerful Monarch to create conditions where people can live peacefully. –Must be feared

8. Machiavelli Worked for the Medici family in Italy (Renaissance) “Ends Justifies The Means” Do what is needed to get what you want Politics / Government – stay in power Lie, Cheat, Steal, Murder, … OK

9. John Locke English Philosopher Natural Rights –Life, Liberty, Property (Dec. of Independence) State of Nature –No government, strong will survive, island Social Contract –Agreement between the government /leader and the people (CONSENT POWER) –Take power back if doesn’t work

10. Karl Marx Father of Communism (economic system) Communist Manifesto –Laid out plan for communism –Thought it would happen in England Industrial Revolution Very rich and very poor –Plan occurred in Russia (1917) Bolshevik Revolution

11. Types of Government Republic (Plato) –Government in which the people exercise their political power through elected representatives Federalism –Authority / power is divided between the state and federal government

12. Types of Government Oligarchy –Rule by the few Monarchy –Rule by King / Queen (Divine Right) Dictatorship –Absolute power in the hands of one –Rule by violence and force

13. Types of Government Democracy –Rule by the people Indirect Democracy –People elect others to vote on and create legislation for them Direct Democracy –People vote directly on laws What Democracy does USA have???

14. Types of Government / Economies Communism –Government control of all –Classless society –No private property –Countries: China, Cuba, Vietnam, N. Korea Socialism –Government controls production and distribution