1. Double Pan Balance
Beaker
Graduated Cylinders
Meter Stick
Test Tubes

2. Double Pan Balance
The double pan balance is used to measure the mass of an object.
The mass is the amount of matter an object has.
The mass is measured in base units called grams (g).

3. Using a Double-Pan Balance
1. First, zero the balance. It’s zeroed if the pointer is at zero when both pans are empty. A double-pan balance usually has sliding knobs you can use to zero the balance if necessary.
2. Place the object you want to measure on one of the pans.
3. Place standard masses onto the other pan, starting with the largest standard mass. If this adds too much mass to the balance, begin with the next smaller standard mass.
4. Keep adding standard masses until both pans are balanced and the pointer points to zero. Determine the mass of the object in grams by adding the standard masses together.

4. Beakers Beakers are used to measure liquids.
Beakers are used to transfer liquids from a larger source such as a bottle to smaller pieces of equipment such as a graduated cylinder.

5. Graduated Cylinder
Graduated cylinders are used to measure the volume of a liquid.
Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.
Volume is measured in base units called liters (l).

6. Reading the graduated cylinder
Using a graduated cylinder marked off in units of tenths will give you a finer measurement .
When a liquid is placed into a glass container it forms a meniscus a curved surface that is lower in the middle than at the edges. In order to read the graduated cylinder correctly, it must be placed on a stable surface such as the desktop of the work area. Never try to read the graduated cylinder while holding it in your hand. Your eye must be level with the bottom of the meniscus. Do not look down at or up at the bottom of the meniscus.
Meniscus

7. Beaker vs. Graduated Cylinder
Liquids can not be measured as accurately in a beaker as in a graduated cylinder.
A graduated cylinder has more divisions and, as a result, it is more accurate.
50 ml divisions
1 ml divisions

8. Meter Stick
A meter stick is used to measure the length, height and width of an object.
The base unit is a meter (m).
There are 100 centimeters (cm) in 1 meter.
There are 1000 millimeters (mm) in a meter.
40 cm is represented
by longer division line.
Smaller division lines
represent mm.
There are 10 mm
in each cm.

9. Metric Measurement What is being measured units Unit abbreviations
Tools for measurement
Examples
mass
grams g
Pan balance
454 grams *of peanut butter
liquid
liter l
Graduated cylinder
2 liter bottle of soda
length
meters m
Meter stick
Running the 100 meter dash
temperature
Celsius
o C
thermometer
Water freezes at 0 o C
* This is equivalent to a pound of peanut butter

10. Prefixes for Metric Measurements
Kilo
1000
1 km = 1000m
Centi
1/100
1cm= 1/100m =0.01m
milli
1/1000
1mm = 1/1000 m= 0.001m