3. Quiz

4. Political Cartoon Components - Prior knowledge - Date - Location where published - Symbolism

11. Political Cartoon Components - Consider the following as you interpret cartoons: - Consider the following as you interpret cartoons: - Prior knowledge - Date - Location where published - Symbolism - Complete an analysis for as many cartoons as possible: - Complete an analysis for as many cartoons as possible: - Write an interpretation - Label examples of symbolism

12. Redemption, 1874-1877 The Republican election victory in 1872 demonstrated the need for Southern Democrats to turn out larger numbers of white voters. The Republican election victory in 1872 demonstrated the need for Southern Democrats to turn out larger numbers of white voters. They accomplished this through VIOLENCE while most Americans paid little attention, distracted by other issues. They accomplished this through VIOLENCE while most Americans paid little attention, distracted by other issues. By the election of 1876, Southern Democrats had triumphed by winning local, state and national elections calling it “Redemption” By the election of 1876, Southern Democrats had triumphed by winning local, state and national elections calling it “Redemption” How was this new wave of violence different from earlier ones? How was this new wave of violence different from earlier ones?  Attackers operated more openly and identified themselves more closely with the Democratic Party.  Ex-Confederate soldiers attended rallies.  A military group called the White League organized the overthrow of government in New Orleans in 1874.

13. Redemption, 1874-1877 Weak Federal Response to this Violence Weak Federal Response to this Violence President Grant refused to help Governor Chamberlain of South Carolina. President Grant refused to help Governor Chamberlain of South Carolina. Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1875 Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1875 Prohibited discrimination against Blacks in public places. Prohibited discrimination against Blacks in public places. However, it had NO provision protecting voting rights, AND courts ruled that individuals had to bring suit in court to enforce it. However, it had NO provision protecting voting rights, AND courts ruled that individuals had to bring suit in court to enforce it. In 1883, the Supreme Court overturned the act, ruling that only states could enforce it, NOT the federal government! In 1883, the Supreme Court overturned the act, ruling that only states could enforce it, NOT the federal government! The End of Reconstruction! The End of Reconstruction!

14. Redemption, 1874-1877 The End of Reconstruction! The End of Reconstruction! Election of 1876 between Democrat Samuel Tilden and Republican Rutherford B. Hayes was disputed. Election of 1876 between Democrat Samuel Tilden and Republican Rutherford B. Hayes was disputed. While Tilden won the popular vote, disputed vote counting in Florida, South Carolina and Louisiana left him short of the electoral vote needed to win. While Tilden won the popular vote, disputed vote counting in Florida, South Carolina and Louisiana left him short of the electoral vote needed to win. The “Compromise of 1877” resolved this: The “Compromise of 1877” resolved this: Congress decided the issue by allowing Hayes to become president in exchange for the removal of all federal troops from the South. Congress decided the issue by allowing Hayes to become president in exchange for the removal of all federal troops from the South. This signaled the end of equal rights for Blacks in the south since Southern Democratic governments would likely return to power in southern states. This signaled the end of equal rights for Blacks in the south since Southern Democratic governments would likely return to power in southern states.

15. Sammy Tilden—Boo-Hoo! Ruthy Hayes’s got my Presidency, and he won’t give it to me!

16. Redemption, 1874-1877 The End of Reconstruction! The End of Reconstruction! Southern states kept the memory of so-called “horrors” of Reconstruction alive whenever they felt their power threatened. Southern states kept the memory of so-called “horrors” of Reconstruction alive whenever they felt their power threatened. Textbooks, movies and other accounts all described it in negative ways. Textbooks, movies and other accounts all described it in negative ways. The Truth? The Truth? Black authors such as John Lynch’s “Facts of Reconstruction” and W.E.B. DuBois’ “Black Reconstruction” tried to set the record straight, but were ignored. Black authors such as John Lynch’s “Facts of Reconstruction” and W.E.B. DuBois’ “Black Reconstruction” tried to set the record straight, but were ignored.

17. The Failure of Reconstruction EconomicallyEconomically Sharecropping became the Sharecropping became theSharecropping new labor system in the South: new labor system in the South: Landlords provided a Landlords provided a house, land, seed and house, land, seed and credit in exchange for half credit in exchange for half their crop. their crop. The other half was used to pay back the loan and live. The other half was used to pay back the loan and live.

18. The Failure of Reconstruction PoliticallyPolitically Supreme Court cases seriously Supreme Court cases seriously weakened the legal protection weakened the legal protection and equality guaranteed by the and equality guaranteed by the 14 th and 15the Amendments: 14 th and 15the Amendments: Slaughterhouse Case 1873 Slaughterhouse Case 1873 Court ruled that citizenshipCourt ruled that citizenship rights were under STATE rights were under STATE authority and not federal. authority and not federal. Cruikshank Case 1876 Cruikshank Case 1876 Court overturned the con-Court overturned the con- victions in the Colfax, LA victions in the Colfax, LA Massacres ruling that the Massacres ruling that the Enforcement Acts did not Enforcement Acts did not cover acts by individuals, cover acts by individuals, only by states. only by states.