1. Independence
“We, the people of India, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a sovereign, democratic republic and to secure to all its citizens: justice…liberty…equality…do hereby adopt, enact and give to ourselves this constitution.”

2. Indian Independence Act:
- India free
- Divided into India and Pakistan

4. Activity Each group will get one reading on 4 modern India subjects
As a group you have 10 minutes to read and then put on poster paper the five most important points and draw a picture to encapsulate the topic
One person will report out to the class
Kashmir/Pakistan 2. Women
3. Sikh Separatism Bollywood

5. Pakistan West Pakistan and East Pakistan
West controlled country’s gov’t.-favored west; East=poor
1971-Civil War
India supported East Pakistan
Independent Bangladesh
Poor, ethnic and religious conflict
General Pervez Musharraf -1999
Worked with U.S. to fight al Qaeda & Taliban

6. Dividing Forces
Cultural Diversity
Hindu-Muslim conflict

7. Kashmir
Hindu and Muslim differences dating to Previously an independent state.
After independence, warfare led to Kashmir’s division between India and Pakistan
Pakistan controls the mountainous northern and western third; India controls the west and maintains 500,000 troops in the regions; China also control a portion of Kashmir
Many Kashmiris support independence from both India and Pakistan.
There have been numerous bombings and many people have died in the fighting. Both Pakistan and India have nuclear weapons and are a threat.
The headwaters of the Indus River flow through Kashmir – one of the reasons the region is so disputed.

9. Women
Overall status is lower than that of men in South Asia, but there are some women in high positions of power
Educational levels between men and women are unequal; female literacy rates are much lower then those for men

11. Marriages Arranged marriages are common Parents negotiate marriage
Ads in newspapers / magazines
Henna
Decoration of brides hands
and feet

12. Bride Price Dowry
Indian gov’t bans dowries, but this practice is still taken very seriously
Bride burning / Dowry killing – a rare practice, but it occurs (1,786 deaths in 1987)
Female infanticide
Sati (also, suttee) – an Indian widow would immolate herself on her deceased husband’s funeral pyre.
Outlawed and thus very rare today

13. Sikh Separatism Sikhism – blend of Islam and Hinduism
About 2% of population
Often feel “left out” of government attention

14. Sikh Separatism Amritsar Golden Temple (1984)
Sikh extremists occupy Golden Temple and refuse to leave
Independence Movement
Indira Gandhi (Prime Minister of India) orders in troops.
Many Sikh’s were killed.
Indira Gandhi assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards-leads to a wave of anti-Sikh violence

16. Bollywood India film industry, centered in Mumbai (Bombay)
Major themes of films:
Romance, but less explicit
Achieving the impossible
Victory in contests of strength
Characteristics of Bollywood movies
Elaborate song and dance
Varied costumes and locations
Far-fetched plots; unusual coincidences

17. Outsourcing Why: cut costs, cheap labor, high quality What:
high tech jobs:> computers, software design, call centers
How:
computers, internet, education, English
US Pro:
cheap goods, competition, keep some jobs
US Con:
loss of jobs or lower wages
Indian Pro:
more jobs, middle class, less poverty
Indian Con:
Brain drain, loss of culture, tough jobs

18. Poverty

19. Dividing Forces
Population

20. As Indian Growth Soars, Child Hunger Persists
Child Hunger: India
As Indian Growth Soars, Child Hunger Persists

21. Dividing Forces Caste System
Constitution declares untouchability illegal BUT it still exists