1. History of the Greeks Ancient Greece

2. Greek Aegean Civilization: A Flexible Existence Minoan civilization from 2000-1450 B.C. Minoan civilization from 2000-1450 B.C. Minoan Civilization is first complex civilization in Europe Minoan Civilization is first complex civilization in Europe Advanced Art, architecture, engineering at palaces on islands Advanced Art, architecture, engineering at palaces on islands Palace at Knossis is best example Palace at Knossis is best example Civilization mysteriously disappears around 1450 B.C. Civilization mysteriously disappears around 1450 B.C.

3. Mycenean from 1200-800B.C. Trojan War between Greek City states and Troy Trojan War between Greek City states and Troy Stories from the Iliad and the Odyssey evolve from this period Stories from the Iliad and the Odyssey evolve from this period Wave of Dorian invasions Wave of Dorian invasions Greek Colonies formed Greek Colonies formed

4. Greek Archaic Period: A Creative, Experimental Outlook from 800-500 B.C. on mainland Greece Evolved from colonies to city states, the highest form of political unity. Evolved from colonies to city states, the highest form of political unity. Develop script for writing (Homer writes the Iliad and the Odyssey) Develop script for writing (Homer writes the Iliad and the Odyssey) Art becomes unique (flexible, fluid, realistic, and creative) Art becomes unique (flexible, fluid, realistic, and creative) Money begins to be coined Money begins to be coined A middle class results A middle class results Democracy begins to evolve as leaders and middle class demand a voice Democracy begins to evolve as leaders and middle class demand a voice Women and slaves are not considered “citizens” Women and slaves are not considered “citizens” Olympics begin (776 B.C.) Olympics begin (776 B.C.)

5. The Greek Golden Ages form 500- 100 B.C.: Search for the Ideal Greek Culture becomes united by: Greek Culture becomes united by: 1. Shared Language 1. Shared Language 2. Shared polytheistic religion 2. Shared polytheistic religion 3.Shared literature (many could recite Homer’s works) 3.Shared literature (many could recite Homer’s works) 4. Shared sports ( the Olympics were held to honor Zeus every four years) 4. Shared sports ( the Olympics were held to honor Zeus every four years) 5. Drama competitions (often won by Sophocles) 5. Drama competitions (often won by Sophocles)

6. Greek Golden Ages continued 6. Interest in statecraft with open forum and debate 6. Interest in statecraft with open forum and debate 7. Interest in education 7. Interest in education 8. A model for thinking philosophically: Plato and Aristotle 8. A model for thinking philosophically: Plato and Aristotle 9. A great model of democratic leadership: Pericles, the greatest Athenian democratic leader. 9. A great model of democratic leadership: Pericles, the greatest Athenian democratic leader. 10. Idealized Art included unmatched architecture and sculptures: Phidias was the greatest architecture and sculptor 10. Idealized Art included unmatched architecture and sculptures: Phidias was the greatest architecture and sculptor 11. The Delian League: sea protection 11. The Delian League: sea protection Note: the music, art, architecture, drama, philosophy of this Athenian Greek Culture sent the standards that we call “classic” today. Note: the music, art, architecture, drama, philosophy of this Athenian Greek Culture sent the standards that we call “classic” today.

7. Why did Greek Unity Erode? Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta (431-404 B.C.) Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta (431-404 B.C.) Philip of Macedonia defeats the Athenians (Persian invasions) Philip of Macedonia defeats the Athenians (Persian invasions) Philip’s son, Alexander the Great, follows and conquers much of the known world. He spreads Greek culture, destroys Greek unity Philip’s son, Alexander the Great, follows and conquers much of the known world. He spreads Greek culture, destroys Greek unity Alexander’s empire is split after his death, resulting in the Roman Empire. Alexander’s empire is split after his death, resulting in the Roman Empire.