1. Places, collections and services Closing Keynote paper VALA Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 5 February 2004 Lorcan Dempsey VP Research OCLC

2. Overview

3. © R. Alston

5. Economies of attention, patterns of experience [move to St Pancras] “…painful to those of us whose inner landscape has been irreversibly redrawn.” Angeline Goreau (NYT, Nov 9, 1997) “To me the card catalogue has been a companion all my working life. Leaving it is like leaving a house one was brought up in.” Barbara Tuchman

6. Library Values of stewardship and accessibility The stuff of research and learning Taking a position –Information commons –Public sphere

7. Presence Place Services Collection s

8. Place Social exchange and learning Personal engagement Third place – social fabric The spectacular and the special Commons - commonwealth

9. Place Services Collection s

10. Collections grid highlow high stewardship uniqueness Books Journals Newspapers Gov. docs CD, DVD Maps Scores Special collections Rare books Local/Historical newspapers Local history materials Archives & Manuscripts, Theses & dissertations Research and learning materials ePrints/tech reports Learning objects Courseware E-portfolios Research data Freely-accessible web resources Open source software Newsgroup archives

11. The engagement with research and learning

12. Jim Gray, various presentations, http://research.microsoft.com/~gray/

13. http://www.lib.washington.edu/digitalscholar/projects.html

14. The library in the learning environment Diffusion of information skills and use through the learning process Life cycle management of learning materials Systems interaction between library and learning management systems Picture courtesy Dan Rehak, Carnegie Mellon University

15. scholarly information flow? peer-reviewed journals, conferences, … aggregators Research & e-science Repositories Deposit, self archiving data analysis, transformation, mining,modeling Publish, discovery Data creation, capture and gathering: lab experiments, fieldwork, surveys, grids, media, … Learning & teaching Deposit, self archiving learning object creation, re-use Discovery, linking, embedding Courses, modules, Learning management systems, learning portals, … Discovery, linking, embedding Harvesting Discovery, harvesting Validation A&I services Adapted with permission from Liz Lyons eBank UK: Building the links between research data, scholarly communication and learning. Ariadne 36, 2003. http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue36/lyon/

16. What is important.. The impact of the network on research and learning behaviors Institutional repository is part of a broader re- engagement with research and learning issues Where the money is –Science –Learning Life cycle management of institutional resources. Creation, analysis, recombination. ‘excitable’ What is the scholarly record?

17. On the web

18. The web Discovery –Selection/gateways Value proven? Massively redundant Automation? Disclosure –E.g. Open WorldCat Archive –Intellectual record –Selectively harvest and persistently manage scholarly resources? National organizations

20. Bought materials How best to manage a distributed redundant print collection –B-Space –Shared depositories –Collection analysis and management Growing divide between –mass market (see music) and –scholarly materials (evolving forms) The impact of born and born-again e

21. Licensed materials Homogeneous collections Gated environments –Cost –Licenses (what is publishing?) Serials crisis <> Optimal diffusion and impact? Fragmented –‘portal’ – developing integrated user workflow over complex resource –We pay for frangmentation as well as content!

22. Reclaiming the special

23. The Archival Research Center is a direct outgrowth of the belief that primary resource materials should be a major focal point of instruction and research. …. However, traditional access to these materials is cumbersome and labor-intensive and most institutions do not allow copying. …Digitizing these materials keeps them alive and relevant for modern users … (ARL report)

24. Reclaiming the special Mainstreaming ‘special’ as primary research and learning materials Unique to institution Disclose the identity and memory of communities and peoples Special? –Primary materials –Costly to process and manage –Unique/rare

25. highlow high ‘Special’ collections Disclosure, Licensing unique stewardship Trends highlow high Scholarly communication Books, Journals Research & Learning Web Special collections

26. Trends highlow high stewardship unique The google factor highlow high E-reserves Web Books, Journals Research & Learning Special collections

27. IndustrializedCottage Best practiceEmerging Out of the boxOpen source/homegrown RoutineLearning curve OperationalSoft money GatedOpen/reusable Multiple copiesUnique Local physical/remote digitalLocal digital content management Preservation a shared concern?Preservation a local concern?

28. The example of metadata Books Journals Special collections Freely-accessible web resources Research and learning materials highlow high stewardship uniqueness MARC, Onix MARC, Onix MARC, METS, EAD, DC, TEI Dublin Core DC, DDI, IEEE/LOM, FGDC, EAD, TEI, SCORM

29. And.. Research and learning behaviors are changing. The challenge to libraries is to create value in this changed environment. Remove cost and complexity from management of books and journals. The rise of institutional intellectual asset management.

30. Presence Place Services Collection s

31. The final stretch … Integration with what? –Integrate services with learning and research workflows, where they are needed. A new look at services –everything is a service on the network Some notes on integration and interoperability

32. user environments resource environment lab books exhibitions PDAs learning management systems campus portal course material text book new scholarly resources reading lists Institutional repository Digital collections E-reserve Catalog Licensed collections Aggregations Virtual reference Cataloging ILL Library service environment

33. Economies of attention, patterns of experience “Electronic catalogs, wherever you go in the academic world, have become a horrible crazy-quilt assemblage of incompatible interfaces and vendor-constrained listings. Working through […] a relatively small collection, you still have to navigate at least five completely different interfaces for searching. Historical epochs of data collection and cataloguing lie indigestibly atop one another.” Tim Burke, Swarthmore

34. Example: supporting scholarly behavior in the humanities …contextual mass. (not the canon and top scholarly journals) Iterative reading? –personal, full-text collections Wide reading and chaining? –federated collections anchored by bibliographies Collaborating? –collection communities Searching and browsing? –“rich” finding aids that cross institutions and fields of study Tracking of reading, searching, and writing Carole Palmer, various

35. Example: the library in the learning environment

36. Example: the library in the university portal

37. Recombinance Recombine in learning and research environments –Metadata Vernacular DC, MARC, LOM, … –Content Granularity and aggregation Manipulate, analyse –Services On-demand Unplug and play Need better ‘webulated’ infrastructure –Identifiers –Vocabularies

38. Interoperability Extract maximum value from investment in –Metadata –Content –Services By ensuring that they are –Sharable –Reusable –Recombinable

39. Interoperability as recombinant potential Can I … –add a document to a repository? –add a repository to a distributed query? –fuse metadata from one repository with another? –assemble these resources into a learning package? –embed an interactive service in my exhibition, my reading list, my campus portal? –ingest a content package into an archive? –take a content package out of an archive in 10 years time? –navigate several databases by subject, by name, by place, by resource type, by educational level? –cite a document in a repository? –bring resources into my own workspace? With … –… as little custom work as possible –… as little precoordinated agreement as possible

40. Directory: ILL policy Application architecture Common services Repositories Services Presentation The User Authentication Directory: user profile Query broker Directory: service description Reference db Request broker Circ/ILL system OpenURL resolver Directory: local knowledge base Article db

42. So.. Responsibility to the scholarly record involves complex balance of external and internal, common and unique, commodity and special. Rich services make collections come alive in network environment and support the advancement of learning and research. Research and learning behaviors are changing. Libraries need to re-engage with research and learning practice.