1. | 1 Commercial Scholarly publishing In the world of open access Derk Haank Edinburgh CEO Springer 11 April 2005 Science+ business media

2. | 2 The combination of Commercial & Science

3. | 3 New Springer = New Policies

4. | 4 What ‘current’ situation are we trying to improve?

5. | 5 Much has been achieved with Electronic publishing - Technology matured - More access - Usage exploded

6. | 6 Variety of business models (From document delivery to big deal) Database Licensing model now dominant Increasingly value based (differential pricing)

7. | 7 Alternative business model Author pays (e.g. Open access)

8. | 8 Author pays/open access is now possible because of the cost structure of electronic publishing. - High (fixed) infrastructure costs - Low marginal distribution costs

9. | 9 Springer introduced Open Choice New service within established branded environment Authors can opt to pay for unrestricted online availability Available for all Springer journals

10. | 10 Why Open Choice? Authors are our partners, and the current environment may require them to have this option Springer is open to new ideas and business models Springer is neutral to whether the subscribers or the authors pay for the costs of publishing

11. | 11 Open choice articles are treated no differently Must pass the usual peer review process first Receive all services and features normally provided Appear in both the print and the online editions of our journals Same copyright protection policy Green self-archiving policy – All articles allowed to be posted on author and institutional website’s

12. | 12 Costs The price for Open Choice is $3,000 per accepted article Covers paper and electronic Subscription income to continue to pay for non- open choice articles Journal prices to be adjusted annually for percentage of articles paid for by authors Price reflects full costs for paper and electronic without subsidies

13. | 13 Obstacles to open access Massive change in budgets – Within institutions – Between institutions Inequalities during the transition – Paying twice – Free Riders Creates new problems; not just solutions “Current” situation improves with more and more access

14. | 14 Possible end picture? Open Access for some authors/ research foundations with a specific need or interest For others: Combination of unlimited access through database licenses in combination with author websites and institutional repositories