1. R&D on thermal noise in Europe: the STREGA Project Geppo Cagnoli University of Glasgow AMALDI 6 – Okinawa - Japan June 20-24 2005

2. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli2 of 16 Toward the 3 rd generation detectors The 1 st generation is taking data – ~20 Mpc NS-NS detection range The Big Leap: Advanced Detectors – Stretching room temperature technology to its very limit – Impressive R&D for Advanced LIGO – ~350 Mpc NS-NS detection range – Advanced VIRGO proposal on its making – MiniGRAIL, SFERA and DUAL advanced resonant detectors

3. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli3 of 16 Toward the 3 rd generation detectors We have to secure the detection distance and potentially increase it with a further 10 times reduction of the detector noise Technology – Low temperature is a promising direction for Interferometers – SQL and ultra-cryogenic operation for resonant detectors LCGT (Large Cryogenic Gravitational Telescope) is a precursor Complementary to LISA and DECIGO

4. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli4 of 16 EGO: the 3 rd generation observatory http://virgo-bwulf.pg.infn.it/~punturo/FP6/ 1 101001k10k Frequency [Hz] 10 -22 10 -23 10 -24 10 -25 10 -19 10 -20 10 -21 h [ Hz –1/2 ] ADVANCED LIGO ADVANCED VIRGO DistanceRate NS-NS20Mpc 1/3000yr 1/3yr NS-BH43Mpc 1/2500yr 1/2yr BH-BH100Mpc 1/600yr 3/yr NS-NS350Mpc 3/yr 4/day NS-BH750Mpc 1/yr 6/day BH-BHZ~0.45 1/month 30/day EGO INTERFEROMETER EGO - RESONANT NS-NS1Gpc 2/month 2/h NS-BH2.4Gpc 1/month 3/h BH-BHZ~1 1/3 day 1/5 min LCGT 1 st generation limit

5. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli5 of 16 Detection range on NS-NS binaries GRB050509B AD LIGO/VIRGO EGO 1 st generation

6. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli6 of 16 What STREGA is Study of Thermal noise Reduction for European Gravitational wAve detectors STREGA mission – Lower thermal noise 10 times with respect to the second generation detectors STREGA coordinates the efforts that many labs in different projects spend on Thermal Noise Research

7. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli7 of 16 Institutions and Labs –CNRS/ln2p3 ESPCI (Paris), LKB (Paris), LMA (Lyon) –INFN Firenze/Urbino, Frascati, Genova, Legnaro, Napoli, Padova, Perugia, Pisa, Roma1, Roma2, Trento –IFN Trento –University of Leiden MiniGRAIL –University of Glasgow IGR

8. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli8 of 16 Some numbers ~120 scientists involved 1390 k€ total budget from EU Started 1 st April 2004 5 years duration http://www.ego-gw.it/ILIAS-GW/

9. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli9 of 16 ILIAS Astro-Particle Physics http://ilias.in2p3.fr/ STREGA as part of a bigger Project STREGA (R&D) GWA (Networking) Gravitational Waves Double  decay Dark Matter Deep U-ground Labs EU FP6 7.5 M€ Framework Program 6 supports the development of the European Research Area with 17.5 G€ 72 G€ in FP7

10. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli10 of 16 C1 - Cryogenic top suspensions for IFOs C2 - Cryogenic system for resonators C3 - IFOs last stage suspensions M1 Mirror substrates M2 Materials for resonators M3 – Super conductive RF cavities M4 Mirror coatings M5 Mirror suspensions M6 Cosmic Rays acoustic em. T1 - Direct ThNs measurement facility T2 - Dynamic photo-elastic effect T3 - Selective read-out for resonators The Content 3 Objectives: Materials, Cryogenics, Th. Noise Selected topics NEW DATA NEXT TALK

11. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli11 of 16 Silicon for substrates Low T facilities for optical and mechanical loss measurements are being assembled [111] B doped [100] intrinsic

12. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli12 of 16 Coatings Advanced LIGO poster + Investigation on losses of dielectric coatings for Diffractive Optics Loss Angle of SiO 2 /TiO 2 -doped-Ta 2 O 5 at 100 Hz G.Harry - Coating Working Group – Advanced LIGO Facility for Q measurements on coated cantilever blades at LMA R.Schnabel and Institute of Applied Physics, Univ of Jena

13. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli13 of 16 Materials for Resonators CuAl Mo Be Q up to 1e6 @4K Optical transducer prototype SiC cantilever blade 5 cm

14. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli14 of 16 Cryogenics facility at EGO COLD FINGER Very Soft Joints Cryostat COLD FINGER 2m

15. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli15 of 16 Direct Th.Ns. Measurement Facility New Suprasil3 cavity, 10cm long, for the Perugia facility dedicated to measure thermal noise around resonances of membranes GLASGOW FACILITY Resonant state lasting for several minutes

16. 24th June 2005AMALDI 6 - Okinawa - G.Cagnoli16 of 16 Conclusions First of the 5 years is already concluded The coordination across labs of different projects is working well especially for Coatings, Suspensions and Cryogenics STREGA and GWA are open to new groups that want to participate in the project Full details in http://www.ego-gw.it/ILIAS-GW/