1. 5.1 Mendelian Inheritance

2. Monks are known for many things…

3. Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) Austrian monk “the father of modern genetics” http://science.discovery.com/ tv-shows/greatest- discoveries/videos/100- greatest-discoveries-shorts- genetics.htmhttp://science.discovery.com/ tv-shows/greatest- discoveries/videos/100- greatest-discoveries-shorts- genetics.htm

4. Pea Plant Experiments Mendel crossed true-breeding plants (the P generation) to form hybrids (the F 1 generation) F1 generation were monohybrids because they differed only in 1 characteristic

8. Mendel’s conclusions organisms carry 2 “factors” for each trait, one from each parent factors can be dominant or recessive law of segregation explains how only one copy of each gene is in gametes

9. Take a look at yourself…

10. Which characteristics do you think are dominant or recessive?

11. Cheek Dimples cheek dimples are dominant

12. Brown/black eyes? brown/black eyes are dominant over blue/green eyes

13. Attached Earlobes? attached earlobes are recessive

14. Widow’s Peak? pointed hairline is dominant over straight hairline

15. Hitchhiker’s thumb? a straight thumb is dominant over a bent thumb

16. Tongue roller? the ability to roll your tongue is dominant

17. Left thumb on top? when you fold your hands, the left thumb on top is dominant over the right thumb on top

18. 6 fingers? polydactyly is dominant

19. How are these traits inherited? Back to Mendel…

20. More terms… alleles are specific forms of genes; some alleles are dominant, some recessive phenotype is the outward appearance of the genotype, which is the set of alleles an individual has genotypes can be homozygous or heterozygous

21. Punnett square chart that organizes the possible combination of “factors” in offspring See this website for a simple animation on creating a Punnett square: http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/dnatoday/g enepool/genepool%20think.htmlhttp://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/dnatoday/g enepool/genepool%20think.html

24. Test Cross An individual has the dominant phenotype for a trait. How can you determine if the individual’s genotype is homozygous or heterozygous? Do a test cross…