1. Click to edit Master subtitle style Japanese Earthquake Early Warning System By Nick Labsvirs

2. Click to edit Master subtitle style EEW (Earthquake Early Warning) Measuring propagation P waves after an earthquake has already begun Alerting country to danger for emergency action Providing an estimated arrival time Signals emergency to automated systems Japan Meteorological Agency Around 500 million dollars to develop After Kobe earthquake, development 1995-2007 JMA

3. Click to edit Master subtitle style Earthquake Detection Method P-waves propagate from epicentre at faster speed then S-waves -P-waves around 7 km/s -S-waves around 4 km/s Less destructive than periodic motion of S waves Detected by network of seismometers Seismometers perform estimations for -Epicentre location -Magnitude -How long till S-waves reach you

4. Click to edit Master subtitle style Earthquake Detection Method March 11th earthquake occurred at 14:46:23 (JST) near the east coast of Honshu Depth 24.4 km Detection and computation time around 8.6 seconds In that time S-waves travel about 35km Tokyo about 373km from epicentre About 90 seconds for S-waves to travel there So about 80 seconds warning for Tokyo Map showing recorded JMA seismic intensities approx 10 hours after main event Tokyo 90s

5. Click to edit Master subtitle style How are warnings broadcasted? Television Radio Computer Pop ups Text messages Sirens

6. Click to edit Master subtitle style Emergency Response Personal At Home - Protect your head and shelter under a table When Driving - Turn on your hazard lights to alert other drivers, then slow down smoothly - Pull over Outdoors - Look out for collapsing concrete-block walls - Be careful of falling signs and broken glass What will you do when the time comes??

7. Click to edit Master subtitle style Emergency Response Automated Responses Trains - ATS System installed in most trains Elevators - Open elevator doors automatically Hazardous situations Medical - Stop surgery Power/Water - Shut down reactor (If you have an operating cooling system!) - Turn off power - Turn off water pipes Factories - Secure assembly line Diagram explaining ATS system (operating in most bullet trains)

8. Click to edit Master subtitle style Was it effective? Considering the size of the earthquake, yes Most devastating damage done by tsunami Actual effectiveness not fully known yet, early days Other Early Warning Systems Mexico Romania Turkey Taiwan System under development in California “California Integrated Seismic Network” based on Japanese system (USGS) Cost: $150 million (5 years)

9. Click to edit Master subtitle style Thanks for listening! Any Questions?