1. How do analogies and word choice help a reader better understand what the author is trying to say?

2. Alphabet Soup
Use your knowledge of the text to fill in an idea for each letter on the chart.
Example: What important character in the text has a name that starts with ‘M’?
Example: What important event discussed in the text starts with ‘C’?
Fill in the rest of the chart with your group using important characters, events, and ideas from the text.

3. Analogies test your ability to:
Recognize the relationship between the words in a word pair
Recognize when two word pairs display equal relationships
An analogy is…
a comparison between two things, typically on the basis of their structure and for the purpose of explanation or clarification.

4. Analogies look like this:
Up : Down :: Over : Under
Up is to Down as Over is to Under

5. In what ways could these pairs of words be related?
The relationship will always have to do with the meaning of the words
I get it…they are opposites!

6. Examples of possible relationships in an analogy:
Synonyms or antonyms
A part to the whole
A member to the category that contains it
Cause to effect (or effect to cause)
Varying degrees of a quantity or quality
Object to function

7. Here is one example of Synonym relationships:
Infant : Baby::Grown-Up: _________?
Infant:Baby::Grown-Up:Adult
Grown-Up -ADULT
Full - EMPTY
Branch - TREE
Carrot -VEGTABLE
Heat - BOIL
Cool -FRIGID
Oven - BAKE

8. Here is one example of Antonym relationships:
Big : Small :: Full : _______?
Big:Small::Full:Empty
Grown-Up -ADULT
Full - EMPTY
Branch - TREE
Carrot -VEGTABLE
Heat - BOIL
Cool -FRIGID
Oven - BAKE

9. Here is one example of Part to Whole relationships:
Wheel : Car :: Branch: _______?
Wheel:Car::Branch:Tree
Grown-Up -ADULT
Full - EMPTY
Branch - TREE
Carrot -VEGTABLE
Heat - BOIL
Cool -FRIGID
Oven - BAKE

10. Here is one example of Member to Category relationships:
Apple : Fruit :: Carrot: _______?
Apple:Fruit::Carrot:Vegetable
Grown-Up -ADULT
Full - EMPTY
Branch - TREE
Carrot -VEGTABLE
Heat - BOIL
Cool -FRIGID
Oven - BAKE

11. Here is one example of Cause Effect relationships:
Sliver : Pain :: Heat : __________
Sliver:Pain::Heat:Boil
Grown-Up -ADULT
Full - EMPTY
Branch - TREE
Carrot -VEGTABLE
Heat - BOIL
Cool -FRIGID
Oven - BAKE

12. Here is one example Matters of Degree relationships:
Warm : Hot :: Cool : ______?
Warm:Hot::Cool:Frigid
Grown-Up -ADULT
Full - EMPTY
Branch - TREE
Carrot -VEGTABLE
Heat - BOIL
Cool -FRIGID
Oven - BAKE

13. Here is one example of Object to Function relationships:
Truck : Transport :: Oven : ______?
Truck : Transport :: Oven : bake
Grown-Up -ADULT
Full - EMPTY
Branch - TREE
Carrot -VEGTABLE
Heat - BOIL
Cool -FRIGID
Oven - BAKE

14. From President John F. Kennedy’s Civil Rights Address
From President John F. Kennedy’s Civil Rights Address
Why did Carolyn include an excerpt from this speech in the text?
How does this speech make you feel? Why?

15. Summary
How do the claims made by Mrs. McKinstry regarding Governor Wallace hold up against the facts presented in the research we did on Friday?

16. How do analogies and word choice help a reader better understand what the author is trying to say?

17. Chapter 13: The Battle Continues
How does this picture relate to the title of chapter 13? Be descriptive.
Can you identify any symbols or relations when comparing the book and this picture?

18. Where Do we go from here? Follow along on pages 164-166.
Choose three main ideas from the speech.
Identify each idea on the back of the Cornell notes sheet.
Next to each idea, draw a picture that represents it.
You should have three main ideas and three related images from Dr. King’s speech.

19. Summary
Ch. 13:
I had lost hope in my white fellow human beings.
Create an analogy that represents this idea from the Chapter.
____________ : ____________ :: ____________ : ____________

20. What techniques can I use to comprehend what I read?

21. Give Me 5

22. Complete three activities on the TIC TAC TOE handout.
Chapter 14
Read Chapter 14 in pairs.
Complete three activities on the TIC TAC TOE handout.
The activities chosen must line up to give you Tic Tac Toe
May work on the back or on another piece of paper
Individual assignment

23. Summary
Choose one image from the text.
Explain why you think Carolyn included this image.
Explain how it affects your understanding of the text so far.

24. How does word choice affect my writing and my reader’s understanding?

25. http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-case-against-good-and-bad Good Bad
Make a list of adjectives to replace the word “good” and the word “bad”.
Good
Bad

26. Denotation The literal meaning of a word EX:
Jasmine is a very careful person.
Careful (adj) : cautious in one’s actions

27. Connotation The positive, negative, or neutral associations of a word.
EX:
Jasmine is a careful person.
Careful: attentive, alert (+)
Careful: unadventurous, boring (-)

28. Denotation & Connotation
Word
Denotation
Connotation
Talk
To speak
Neutral: just having a conversation
Chat
To speak in a familiar or informal manner
Positive: you chat with ease and friendship
Gossip
To speak about the affairs of others
Negative: you gossip about rumors and people’s personal matters
Would you rather have a conversation with someone who was talking, chatting, or gossiping?

29. Denotation & Connotation
Denotation is important because you need to understand the literal definition of a word.
Connotation is important because you need to understand what the author is implying or what he or she means and is trying to say with the words he or she is using.

30. Denotation & Connotation
The aardwolf is a member of the hyena family, though it is really more of a runt. It also has weaker jaws and teeth than the hyena. Runt: Denotation – Connotation – Replacement – Weaker:

31. Shades of Meaning 24 adjectives 12 pairs
Work with your group to identify each pair.
Then, place the words in each pair in the correct column: + or – connotation.
Think about which adjective describes someone you want to meet.
The team with the most correct wins!!

32. Adjectives:
obsessive reserved mushy curious bold timid cheap hyperactive sentimental strong-willed withdrawn brash scrawny frugal stylish smug cowardly stubborn nosey energetic thin self-confident faddish fervent