2. Regents Biology 2007-2008 Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy ATP

3. Regents Biology Energy needs of life  Animals are energy consumers  What do we need energy for?  ____________________________

4. Regents Biology Where do we get energy?  Energy is stored in organic molecules  _______________________________________  Animals eat these organic molecules   digest food to get  _______________________________________________  _______________________________________________

5. Regents Biology 2007-2008 ATP What is energy in biology? Whoa! HOT stuff! Adenosine TriPhosphate

6. Regents Biology Harvesting energy stored in food  ________________________________  ________________________________  ______________________  “aerobic” respiration  usually digesting glucose  but could be other sugars, fats, or proteins C 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 ATP6CO 2 6H 2 O  + ++ _______ + _______  _______ + _______ + _______ _______ O2O2 food ATP

7. Regents Biology What do we need to make energy?  The “Furnace” for making energy  ___________________  Fuel  ______: carbohydrates, fats, proteins  Helpers  ___________________  Product  ___________________  Waste products  ___________________  then used by plants  ___________________ O2O2 food ATP Make ATP! Make ATP! All I do all day… And no one even notices! enzymes CO 2 H2OH2O

8. Regents Biology Mitochondria are everywhere!! animal cells plant cells

9. Regents Biology CO 2 + H 2 O + heat fuel (carbohydrates) O2O2 “Burn fuels” to make energy combustion making heat energy by burning fuels in one step ATP ATP + CO 2 + H 2 O (+ heat) ________________________ making ATP energy (& some heat) by burning fuels in many small steps food (carbohydrates) O2O2

10. Regents Biology Using ATP to do work? A working muscle recycles over 10 million ATPs per second Can’t store ATP  too unstable  only used in cell that produces it  only short term energy storage  carbohydrates & fats are long term energy storage ATP _________ work Whoa! Pass me the glucose & oxygen! Adenosine DiPhosphate Adenosine TriPhosphate

11. Regents Biology A Body’s Energy Budget eat food synthesis (building) energy needed even at rest activity temperature control { growth reproduction repair { storage glycogen (animal starch) fat { 1 2 3 make energy ATP

12. Regents Biology What if oxygen is missing?  No oxygen available = can’t complete aerobic respiration  ___________________________  also known as ______________  ____________________________  no oxygen or no mitochondria (bacteria)  can only make very little ATP  large animals cannot survive O2O2 yeast bacteria

13. Regents Biology Anaerobic Respiration  _________________________  ________________________  yeast  _______________________________  make beer, wine, bread  ________________________  bacteria, animals  _______________________________  bacteria make yogurt  animals feel muscle fatigue O2O2 Tastes good… but not enough energy for me!