1. Section 8.3 Solutions Can Be Acidic, Basic, or Neutral

2. Acids and Bases Have distinct Properties Items containing acids –Orange juice –Tomatoes –Vinegar Items containing bases –Soap –Ammonia –antacids

3. A-B. Acids, Bases, and Their Characteristics 2. Chart to compare and contrast acids and bases AcidBase Protondonatesaccepts Tastesourbitter Sensationburning or prickling slippery;can burn as bad as an acid React withcarbonates & most metals fatty acids to make soap Turns Litmusredblue

4. Definition of Acid A substance that can donate a proton to another substance and has a pH below 7.

5. Definition of a Base A substance that can accept a proton from another substance and has a pH above 7

6. Definition of pH The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution; a measurement of acidity

7. Definition of Neutral Describing a solution that is neither an acid nor a base and has a pH of 7

8. II. The strengths of acids and bases can be measured 3.What makes an acid or a base strong? A stong acid or base breaks apart completely into ions What makes an acid or a base weak? A weak acid or base does not form many ions.

9. 4. Chart with Examples of strong and weak acids and bases StrongWeak AcidHydrochloric Acid Acetic acid BaseSodium hydroxide Ammonia

10. A. Acid and Base Strength 5. What is the difference between a strong acid or base and a weak acid or base? A large percentage of the strong acid or base breaks down into ions in solution A low percentage of a weak acid or base breaks down into ions in solution

11. B.Measuring Acidity 6. pH Scale to measure H + concentration High pH means low H + ion concentration Low pH means a high H + ion concentration Usually ranges from 0 to 14

12. 6. Neutral Not acid; not base Pure water is neutral H + concentration equals OH - concentration

13. III Acids and bases neutralize each other. How does an antacid tablet relieve an upset stomach? –Stomach acid has a pH of about 1.5. An antacid tablet contains a base that reacts with excess acid. A salt and water are produced, and the pH level in the stomach increases and is returned to normal.

14. Examples of Neutralization Reactions 3HCl + Al(OH) 3  AlCl 3 + 3H 2 O Acid Base salt water H 2 SO 4 + 2KOH  K 2 SO 4 + 2 H 2 O Acid Base salt water