1. J.P. Guillford Structure of Intellect

2. Guillford March 7, 1897- November 26, 1987 Studying at the University of Nebraska and then under Edward Titchener at Cornell. U.S. Army 1941 as Lt. Colonel (Director of Psychological Research) working with aircrews. Director of Stanines Project (8 intellectual abilities crucial in flying a plane)

3. Post-War University Southern California Test subjects were Air Force recruits All U.S. Military qualifying exams of the 50s, 60s, and 70s descended from Guillford’s research

4. Structure of Intellect Major work that Guillford is known for. Deals with three dimensions of mental ability – Operations – Content – Product

5. Operations Dimension Cognition Memory recording Memory retention Divergent production (ability to produce multiple solutions to a problem) Convergent Production (ability to come to a single solution) Evaluation

6. Content Dimension Figural (concrete) Symbolic Semantic (verbal meaning and ideas) Behavioral (action of people)

7. Product Dimension Units Classes Relations Systems Transformations Implications

8. Boiled Down (what the heck does this all mean?) By the end of Guillford’s research, he had basically come up with 180 factors or intellectual abilities Each factor can work with other factors from each group (memory retention of symbolic units) It is a general theory of human intelligence applied to educational research and placement

9. Importance to Cohort Dr. Mary Meeker (student of Guillford) made the transition to education Developed ways of presenting test results in SOI format that teachers could better use More useful than IQ scores Intellectual Abilities can be taught! (good bye I.Q. myth)

10. Application in Schools Provides tests of abilities Materials and procedures for developing the abilities being tested (mind blowing for me)

11. Evaluation Some critics (Carroll in 1993 and Jensen in 1998) claim that it is not statistically viable However… places useful tools in the hands of teachers allowing them to focus on needy areas resulting in improved test scores Has been and continues to be used widely by Guillford’s students