1. 10 Politics during the NEP

2. Overview Recap and introduction A.Main Themes B.Transformation of the Party C.Power Struggle: from Lenin to Stalin D.State Building E.Soviet Socialism and the Bourgeois World F.Conclusion

3. A. Main Themes 1.Transformation of the Party: reconstituting and rebuilding 2.Emergence of Stalin and Stalinists 3.State construction: soviets and apparatus of rule 4.Nationality: from RSFSR to USSR

4. B. Transformation of the Party 1.Why? a.New tasks: from revolution to rule b.Broaden political base: minorities, peasants, specialists c.Purge: removing opportunists and opponents d.Reproletarianize

5. B. Transformation of the Party 2.Party membership a.Growth: purge and recruit b.Class origin c.Geography: urban-rural d.Gender e.Ethnicity f.Age g.Education h.Old and new Bolsheviks i.Conclusions

6. B. Transformation of the Party 3.Party Organization a.Politburo b.Central Committee and Party Congresses c.Secretariat

7. Structure of the Communist Party

8. C. Power Struggle: From Lenin to Stalin 1.Lenin’s last days 2.Contenders and issues 3.Left Opposition (Trotsky), 1923-25 4.United Opposition (Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev, 1925-7 5.Right Opposition (Bukharin, Tomsky, Rykov), 1927-9 6.Stalin’s Victory

9. Lenin at the 10 th Party Congress (1921)

10. Lenin

11. A Dying Lenin

12. Lenin’s Funeral: Krupskaia and Ulianov Sisters

14. Memorializing: Lenin at Work in the Kremlin (Brodskii, 1930)

15. Lenin and Stalin (1922)

16. Mikoyan, Stalin, Ordzhonikidze (1925)

17. Stalin and Kirov (1926)

18. Stalin at XVII Party Congress (1927)

19. Stalin’s Birthday Party (1929)

20. Nikolai Bukharin

21. Trotsky: Expulsion from the Party (1927)

22. Trotsky: Departure into Exile (1929)

23. D. State Building 1.Formation of the USSR 2.Central state administration 3.Soviets and local administration 4.Army 5.Police

24. Structure of the Soviet State

25. D. State Building 1.Formation of the USSR a.Problem b.Party: Factions and Perspectives c.Incorporation: From Russian Federation to Soviet Union d.Constitution of 1924 e.Making Nations: Central Asia

26. D. State Building 2.Central state administration 3.Soviets and local administration 4.Army 5.Police

27. Felix Dzerzhinskii (Chief of Cheka/OGPU)

28. OGPU Armed Train “Felix Dzerzhinskii” (1928)

29. OGPU Report on Workers in “Red Putilovets” Factory (1925)

30. OGPU: Siberian Brick Plant (1931)

31. Kyrgyz Red Cavalry in 1920s

32. E. Soviet Socialism, Bourgeois World 1.Policy and Politics of Foreign Affairs 2.Foreign policy: traditional and revolutionary 3.From “world revolution” to “socialism in one country”

33. F. Conclusions 1.Fundamental transformation of the Party: reconstituted, bureaucratized 2.Power struggle, NEP crises, emergence of radical Stalinism 3.State construction: central organs, local soviets and instruments of repression 4.Nationality: from RSFSR to USSR 5.Foreign policy: from “bipolar” to “socialism in one country” (as base of eventual world revolution)