1. ENERGY SYSTEMS LESSON 1 Energy, work, force, power Energy, work, force, power Types of Energy Types of Energy ATP ATP Reactions Reactions

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Can I define the terms Work, Force, Power and Energy? 2. Am I able to explain how ATP is broken down and re-synthesised?

3. STARTER Spot the 10 Spot the 10differences

4. DEFINITIONS Define the following terms: Define the following terms: ENERGY ENERGY WORK WORK FORCE FORCE POWER POWER

5. DEFINITIONS ENERGY = The ability to perform work; usually measured in Joules (J) ENERGY = The ability to perform work; usually measured in Joules (J) WORK = Work (Nm or J) = Force (N) X Distance (m) WORK = Work (Nm or J) = Force (N) X Distance (m) FORCE = A push or pull that alters, or tends to alter, the state of motion of a body. Measured in Newtons (N) FORCE = A push or pull that alters, or tends to alter, the state of motion of a body. Measured in Newtons (N) POWER = The rate at which work can be done; or Work ÷ Time. Measured in Watts (W) POWER = The rate at which work can be done; or Work ÷ Time. Measured in Watts (W)

6. DEFINITIONS Discuss and try to explain the following terms: Discuss and try to explain the following terms: KINETIC ENERGY KINETIC ENERGY CHEMICAL ENERGY CHEMICAL ENERGY POTENTIAL ENERGY POTENTIAL ENERGY

7. DEFINITIONS KINETIC ENERGY = Energy seen as muscle movement. E.g. running KINETIC ENERGY = Energy seen as muscle movement. E.g. running CHEMICAL ENERGY = Energy stored in compounds in our bodies. E.g. ATP, Phosphocreatine, Carbs & Fats CHEMICAL ENERGY = Energy stored in compounds in our bodies. E.g. ATP, Phosphocreatine, Carbs & Fats POTENTIAL ENERGY = Stored energy waiting to happen. E.g. ATP does nothing until the phosphate group is released with the help of ATPase POTENTIAL ENERGY = Stored energy waiting to happen. E.g. ATP does nothing until the phosphate group is released with the help of ATPase

8. ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) ATP is the only usable source of energy for work ATP is the only usable source of energy for work ATP is stored in the muscles provides kinetic energy for muscular contraction ATP is stored in the muscles provides kinetic energy for muscular contraction Breaking down the high energy bond between the last two phosphate molecules acts as potential energy Breaking down the high energy bond between the last two phosphate molecules acts as potential energy The breakdown of ATP will only last 2-3 seconds. The breakdown of ATP will only last 2-3 seconds.

9. REACTIONS EXOTHERMIC REACTION = this is a reaction that releases energy EXOTHERMIC REACTION = this is a reaction that releases energy E.g. ATP is broken down into ADP and P and releasing Energy for Muscle Contraction. This is an Exothermic Reaction E.g. ATP is broken down into ADP and P and releasing Energy for Muscle Contraction. This is an Exothermic Reaction ENDOTHERMIC REACTION = this is a reaction which requires energy to be added ENDOTHERMIC REACTION = this is a reaction which requires energy to be added E.g. ADP and P receive Energy from the breakdown of PC to join P onto ADP to make ATP. This is an Endothermic Reaction E.g. ADP and P receive Energy from the breakdown of PC to join P onto ADP to make ATP. This is an Endothermic Reaction

10. ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) Draw a diagram of ATP being broken down (exothermic reaction) Draw a diagram of ATP being broken down (exothermic reaction) Draw a diagram of ATP being re-synthesised (endothermic reaction) Draw a diagram of ATP being re-synthesised (endothermic reaction)

11. BREAKING DOWN ATP

12. RE-SYNTHESISING ATP

13. EXAM QUESTION JANUARY 2005 1a)Define the terms energy, work and power, giving the units of measurements for each.(3 marks) 1a)Define the terms energy, work and power, giving the units of measurements for each.(3 marks) b)ATP is a most important compound. Explain why ATP plays such a major role during physical activity.(3 marks)

14. PLENARY Discuss how you think ATP can be re- synthesised during exercise of different intensities and over different durations Discuss how you think ATP can be re- synthesised during exercise of different intensities and over different durations