1. CANADA’S PRISON SYSTEM

2. Entering Prison Prison/Incarceration is a very polarizing issue. It is also a very political issue Conservative rhetoric- more jails, more sentences, throw people in jail Liberal rhetoric- protect the public by looking at the causes of crime, treat all people humanely #1: (post 2005) Prisoners should remain in prison for as long as possible (classical criminal theory) #2: Offenders are partially shaped by society therefore the prison system should work to rehabilitate them (sociological and other various modern theories)

3. Entering Prison CSC (Correctional Services Canada) controls the prison system (provincial and federal jurisdiction) Provincial- serve less than 2 years (or awaiting trial) Federal- serve more than 2 years Correctional service regulations are controlled provincially- this mean each province can have its own corrections regulations (why?) CSC is responsible for the following: incarcerating, processing parole applications and running probations services

4. Provincial/Federal Jails Provincial Institutions: - Closed custody- dangerous offenders, likely to escape, or are hard to manage - http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/ProposedTor ontoSouthDetentionCentre/Toronto_South_DC_main.html http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/ProposedTor ontoSouthDetentionCentre/Toronto_South_DC_main.html - Open custody- inmates are allowed an opportunity to work - Community Correctional Centers- inmates can work, go to school by day and return at night http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/adult_off/facili ties/corr_centres/corr_centres.html#cecc http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/adult_off/facili ties/corr_centres/corr_centres.html#cecc Maximum, Medium and Minimum security

5. How are Inmates Assigned? After sentencing offenders are assessed for their level of risk and their need for rehabilitation Risk of escape is considered Availability of rehab Location of offender’s family, culture and language is considered Those convicted of 1 st or 2 nd degree murder must serve 2 years at a maximum security prison before applying to a lower facility

6. Imprisonment 123 people per 100,000 incarcerated Non-violent crimes are most common On any given day in Canada there are 152, 800 adults incarcerated, on parole, probation or serving a conditional sentence 2000- correctional spending reached 2.5 billion The average adult incarcerated is a male, aged 18-24 It costs $67,700 a year to keep an offender in a federal penitentiary It costs $14, 500 to supervise on parole