1. literally: “all-consuming fire”
The Holocaust
literally: “all-consuming fire”

2. The First Solution 1933-39 Loss of citizenship
Dismissal from government service
Banning of kosher butchering
Jewish lawyers disbarred
Jewish doctors forbidden to practice medicine

3. The First Solution
Discrimination

4. Jewish stores were boycotted

5. Books which did not support Nazi ideology were burned at public rallies.

6. A Star of David was placed on Jews to identify them for discrimination.

7. Kristallnacht (Nov 9 & 10, 1938)
Thousands of Jewish businesses, cemeteries and schools were destroyed or vandalized.
As many as 2,000 synagogues were burned. And, Jews were blamed.
Kristallnacht, and later the German invasion of Poland, led to . . .

8. The Second Solution
Transfer of Jews to ghettos outside Germany
Wealthy Jews had to pay for the eviction of Jews from Austria and Czechoslovakia
Most were moved to concentration camps in Poland

9. The Second Solution
Segregation

10. Polish Jews Rounded Up for Relocation

11. Gold and silver teeth extracted from Jews. Glasses were taken, too.
A shrunken head, hung in the middle of Buchenwald concentration camp to terrorize prisoners.
Gold and silver teeth extracted from Jews. Glasses were taken, too.
The German invasion of Russia, with its millions of Jews, led to . . .

12. The Final Solution 1941-45 Mobile killing units in the Soviet Union
“A more efficient method is needed.”
Gas chambers to kill Jews; crematoria or open pits to burn the dead bodies
Shoes, gold teeth, hair, tattoos were harvested off the Jews.

13. 6,000,000 Jews were killed in the Holocaust.
The Final Solution
Annihilation
6,000,000 Jews were killed in the Holocaust.

14. Einsatzgruppen (SS troops) – Mobile killing units

16. 800,000 victims’ shoes were found at Majdanek death camp in Poland.

17. Timeline for Nazi Extermination Camps
(Kulmhof) Chelmno __________
December 7, 1941
Gas Vans
_________
Killed 320,000
Auschwitz- Birkenau _______
September, 1941
Zyklon-B
Killed 1,200,000
*Belzek
________
March 17, 1942
Carbon Monoxide gas
Killed 600,000
*Sobibor
March, 1942
Killed 250,000
*Treblinka
__________
July 23, 1942
Killed 700,000
Majdanek
October, 1942
Carbon Monoxide and Zyklon B gas _________
Killed 1,380,000
Stutthof
June, 1944
Zyklon-B gas
_______
Killed 65,000
Heinrich Himmler, head of the Nazi death camps.

18. Auschwitz “Work makes you free.”
As many as 3 million Jews were brought here by rail, to be killed.
“Work makes you free.”

19. In a case in which a mother did not want to be separated from her thirteen-year-old daughter, and bit and scratched the face of the SS man who tried to force her to her assigned line, the SS doctor Josef Mengele drew his gun and shot both the woman and the child.

20. Likewise at Auschwitz Dr
Likewise at Auschwitz Dr. Herta Oberhauser killed children with oil and evipan injections, removed their limbs and vital organs, rubbed ground glass and sawdust into wounds.

21. One twin recalls the death of his brother: "Dr
One twin recalls the death of his brother: "Dr. Mengele had always been more interested in Tibi. I am not sure why - perhaps because he was the older twin. Mengele made several operations on Tibi. One surgery on his spine left my brother paralyzed. He could not walk anymore. Then they took out his sexual organs. After the fourth operation, I did not see Tibi anymore. I cannot tell you how I felt. It is impossible to put into words how I felt. They had taken away my father, my mother, my two older brothers - and now, my twin ..."

22. Among the evidence of Nazi atrocities found at Buchenwald camp were the tattooed skin of Jews, some of which was turned into a lamp shade.

23. The Allied armies who liberated these camps in 1945 found many dead, some of whom were not buried or cremated
. . . Some Jews were still living – barely.

24. This must never happen again.
The Holocaust
This must never happen again.