1. Traditional Music “maximum effect from minimal materials” YouTube - Shamisen, koto e shakuhachi YouTube - Japanese traditional music YouTube - Traditional Japanese Music on old InstrumentsYouTube - Traditional Japanese Music on old Instruments YouTube - Chikutoukai Recital (1)YouTube - Chikutoukai Recital YouTube - Chikutoukai Recital (2)YouTube - Chikutoukai Recital YouTube - Koto & Shamisen Performance Nov. 18, 2007 AKP 07-08YouTube - Koto & Shamisen Performance Nov. 18, 2007 AKP 07-08

2. Terms to Know Hogaku – traditional Japanese music Sanyoku (Instruments) - Shamisen - Koto - Shakuhachi Pentatonic – 5-note scale Heterophony – nearly identical versions of the same melody at the same time (not monophonic and not quite polyphonic)

3. Koto Ex. Japanese Koto "Tegoto" by Michio Miyagi ＜手事・第三章＞宮 城道雄作曲 - YouTubeJapanese Koto "Tegoto" by Michio Miyagi ＜手事・第三章＞宮 城道雄作曲 - YouTube

4. Shamisen EX. YouTube - shamisen - tsugaru yosare bushiYouTube - shamisen - tsugaru yosare bushi

5. Shakuhachi Ex. YouTube - Shakuhachi in Mamanji, JapanYouTube - Shakuhachi in Mamanji, Japan Ex. YouTube - Tomoe Kaneko Shakuhachi PerformanceYouTube - Tomoe Kaneko Shakuhachi Performance Ex. YouTube - Tadashi Tajima, Shakuhachi Flute, Osaka, JapanYouTube - Tadashi Tajima, Shakuhachi Flute, Osaka, Japan

6. “Rokudan No Shirabe” “Roku” = six, “dan” = columns (“Music of the six steps”) Yatsuhashi Kengyō (1614-1685), composer Examples - Rokudan no Shirabe ( 六段の調 ) – YouTube (textbook example?) - Japanese Koto Concert - Fuyuki Enokido plays "Rokudan no Shirabe" – YouTube (solo koto) - Rokudan No Shirabe – YouTube (two shakuhachi) - Rokudan no Shirabe Music in Six Variations – YouTube (multiple kotos) -ROKUDAN (koto piece) on shamisen + fue – YouTube (shamisen and fue [flute])Rokudan no Shirabe ( 六段の調 ) – YouTubeJapanese Koto Concert - Fuyuki Enokido plays "Rokudan no Shirabe" – YouTubeRokudan No Shirabe – YouTubeRokudan no Shirabe Music in Six Variations – YouTubeROKUDAN (koto piece) on shamisen + fue – YouTube Textbook Listening Guide (p. 151)

7. Jiuta Hogaku – song w/ instruments Instrumental interludes Examples - 2010.2.28 かすみ姉妹ミニ和ライブ (2) 「八千代 獅子」 Yachiyo Jishi – YouTube (koto, shamisen, & voices) - Jiuta – YouTube (voice, koto, w/ Kabuki dancer) - Jiuta au Châtelet – YouTube (voice, koto, dancer) 2010.2.28 かすみ姉妹ミニ和ライブ (2) 「八千代 獅子」 Yachiyo Jishi – YouTubeJiuta – YouTubeJiuta au Châtelet – YouTube Textbook Listening Guide (p. 152) : “Chidori”

8. Japanese Theater Kabuki – Traditional Theater (popular) Exs. Kabuki – YouTube (a good introduction) Centre Stage: Kabuki – YouTube (overview)Kabuki – YouTubeCentre Stage: Kabuki – YouTube Bunraku – Puppet Theater Ex. YouTube - Bunraku theater in OsakaYouTube - Bunraku theater in Osaka Noh – Traditional Theater (elitist) Ex. Noh Theatre - YouTubeNoh Theatre - YouTube

9. Kabuki Originates in late 16 th century (1596) All female performers (immediately banned) Replaced by male performers - includes “onnagata” (female impersonator) Primarily dance theater w/ colorful costumes Audience – traditionally middle-class Music – includes three different ensembles

10. Kabuki Actors/Dancers

11. Kabuki Dancer (note Debayashi in background)

12. Kabuki Actor

13. Kabuki “onnagata”

14. Kabuki Music Geza (off-stage) – sound effects (o-daiko, other percussion, shamisen, nohkan) Chobo (stage left) – “narrator” (“speaker” and shamisen) Debayashi (stage rear) – literally, the “coming out orchestra” (multiple singers, shamisens, drums, nohkan)

15. Nagauta (Kabuki ensemble)

17. Shamisen

18. Nohkan

19. Kotsuzumi

20. Otsuzumi

21. Noh Drum (Taiko)