1. Chapter Four

2. A Model of Stress Situation is perceived (interpreted) as stressful Emotional reaction leads to feelings such as fear, anger, insecurity These feelings lead to physiological arousal (stress reactivity) Consequences: poor performance, illness, possible disease

3. Stress Model

4. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. What Are Interventions? Activities to block a stressor from resulting in negative consequences

5. Coping with a Stressor Richard Lazaus perceived stress to be the result of a determination that a demand exceeds resources available to meet that demand. Coping- engaging in behavior or thought to respond to demand. (Task oriented/ emotion-focused) Primary appraisal- judging how much of a threat is involved, and how important is the outcome. Secondary appraisal- whether you have the resources needed to meet the demand. Reappraisal- Evaluation of whether the response made to a demand/threat was effective.

6. Setting up Roadblocks Intervention is used to block a stressful consequence These blocks are set up at various points on the stress theory model Cognitive restructuring or medications (prescribed or illegal) can be used as roadblocks INCOMPLETE ROADBLOCK: Can only filter out a portion at each level of the stress model, therefore not all of the “bad” will be filtered out. Comprehensive COMPLETE ROADBLOCK: Comprehensive stress management includes intervention at ALL phases of the stress model.

7. Did You Know? Stress can be good! Have you ever taken a really important test, aced it, and really felt good and almost euphoric after it was over? This type of stress is called Eustress Stress that results in positive consequences Involves change that requires adaptation Allows personal growth and is beneficial to the person Figure 4.4 illustrates how stress can be productive

8. Yerkes-Dodson Curve

9. Taking Control- realize/exercise Managing stress means exercising control rather than giving up control “YOU ARE IN CHARGE OF YOU” One can decide to control or not control the stress response (assuming responsibility) Practicing specific techniques is a means of taking control and assuming responsibility

10. STRESS MODEL SCENARIO YOU HAVE JUST BEEN FIRED FROM YOUR JOB. YOU HAVE FINANCIAL CONCERNS AS WELL AS EMOTIONAL CONCERNS. EXPLAIN HOW YOU WOULD GO THROUGH THE STRESS MODEL AND WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE OUTCOMES….